Biotechnological advances in jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider]: recent developments and prospects for further research

• Published in: Plant biotechnology reports Vol. 6; no. 2; pp. 97 - 106
• Main Authors: Kumar, Sunil, Mangal, Manisha, Dhawan, A. K, Singh, Narender
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Springer-Verlag 01-04-2012; Springer Japan; Springer Nature B.V; 한국식물생명공학회
• Subjects: Agricultural biotechnology; Agriculture; artificial seeds; Biofuels; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Buds; Cell Biology; Communication; Cosmetics; Embryonic growth stage; Explants; Flowering; Flowers & plants; Genetic engineering; genetic transformation; Harvest; in vitro regeneration; jojoba; jojoba oil; Life Sciences; Metabolites; Natural products; Oil; Oils & fats; Organogenesis; Plant Biochemistry; Plant biology; Plant Sciences; Propagation; Review Article; Reviews; Seed set; Seeds; Shoots; Simmondsia chinensis; Skin; Somatic embryogenesis; Studies; Transformation; Vegetable oils; Wildlife conservation; 농학; India; In vitro propagation; Synthetic seeds; Jojoba; Somatic embryogenesis; Biochemical changes; Organogenesis
• ISSN: 1863-5466; 1863-5474
• DOI: 10.1007/s11816-011-0211-2

Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis), is a medicinal and oil-yielding, multi-purpose species of the family Simmondsiaceae. The most valuable product of jojoba seed is the liquid wax or jojoba oil which is used extensively in the cosmetic and bio-fuel industry. Propagation of jojoba is possible using conventional methods, but it is time consuming and cumbersome owing to long rotation periods, male-biased population, and long flowering and seed set time. The development of an efficient regeneration system is a prerequisite for a number of biotechnological interventions for the improvement of jojoba, such as genetic transformation, production of useful metabolites in vitro, etc. During the past decade, therefore, several attempts have been made for in vitro propagation of jojoba. Organogenesis has been achieved in this species from mature as well as juvenile explants. Present communication reports an overview of the in vitro regeneration of jojoba via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Factors affecting organogenesis as well as production of synthetic seeds using shoot tips and axillary buds have also been discussed; however, efforts need to be made to develop an efficient genetic transformation system in jojoba. The purpose of this review is to focus upon the current information on in vitro propagation and biotechnological advances made in jojoba.