Design of Tunable Broadband Graphene-Based Metasurface with Amplitude-Phase Modulation

• Published in: Materials Vol. 16; no. 13; p. 4633
• Main Authors: Jiang, Huixia, Sheng, Lili, Luo, Yumei, Meng, Liang, Cao, Weiping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 27-06-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Amplitudes; Antennas; Antennas (Electronics); Bandwidths; Beam steering; Beam switching; Broadband; code; Coding; Communication; Design; Dielectric properties; Electric fields; Electric waves; Electromagnetic radiation; Electromagnetic waves; Electromagnetism; Electrons; Far fields; Graphene; Graphite; Low frequencies; metasurface; Metasurfaces; Millimeter waves; Phase modulation; Radiation; reflection amplitude phase; Satellite communications; Wireless communications; code; graphene; reflection amplitude phase; metasurface
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma16134633

Due to the growing scarcity of spectrum resources in the low-frequency band, the requirement of beam-reconfigurable antennas in the millimeter wave band is urgent. In this paper, a W-band graphene-based metasurface working in a broad bandwidth is proposed with reflective amplitude coding. Here, graphene sheets play a dual role in radiating and regulating electromagnetic waves. By adjusting the Fermi levels of graphene, the reflective amplitude and phase of the metasurface can be modulated simultaneously, enabling multi-beam switching and beam deflection in far-field. The proposed metasurface achieves amplitude-phase modulation within a significantly wide bandwidth which covers 75-91.5 GHz and 99.3-115 GHz. By optimizing the coding patterns, the proposed graphene-based metasurfaces are able to not only realize 2-D beam steering, but also achieve beam switching from single beam to four beams at 87 GHz. The proposed design provides a novel solution for the flexible manipulation of millimeter waves, which can be applied to various fields such as vehicle radar, satellite communication, 6G wireless communication, and beyond.