Bacterial species-characteristic profiles of molecular species, and the antigenicity of phospholipids and glycolipids in symbiotic Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species

• Published in: Glycoconjugate journal Vol. 29; no. 4; pp. 199 - 209
• Main Authors: Iwamori, Masao, Nakasa, Masanori, Yamazaki, Kentaro, Iwamori, Yuriko, Tanaka, Kyoko, Aoki, Daisuke, Adachi, Shigeki, Nomura, Taisei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston Springer US 01-05-2012; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: ABO system; Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial - blood; Antibodies, Bacterial - immunology; Antigenic determinants; Antigenicity; Antigens; Bacteriology; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Blood groups; Carbohydrates; cardiolipin; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epitopes - chemistry; Epitopes - immunology; Fatty acids; Glycerol; glycoconjugates; Glycolipids; Glycolipids - chemistry; Glycolipids - immunology; Glycolipids - metabolism; Glycosphingolipids; Humans; Immunization; Immunoglobulin M; Intestine; Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus - immunology; Lactobacillus reuteri; Life Sciences; Lipids; Molecular biology; Oral cavity; Pathology; Phospholipids; Phospholipids - chemistry; Phospholipids - immunology; Phospholipids - metabolism; Rabbits; Skin; Species Specificity; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus - immunology; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Streptococcus; Streptococcus - immunology; Symbiosis; Glyceroglycolipids; Symbiotic bacteria; Glycerophospholipids; Sphingoglycolipids; Anti-bacterial antiserum; TLC-immunostaining
• ISSN: 0282-0080; 1573-4986
• DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9393-2

Human symbiotic bacteria,
Lactobacillus reuteri
(LR) in the intestines,
Staphylococcus epidermidis
(SE) in skin and
Streptococcus salivalis
(SS) in the oral cavity, contain dihexaosyl diglycerides (DH-DG) in concentrations equivalent to those of phosphatidyl glycerol (PG) and cardiolipin (CL), together with mono- to tetrahexaosyl DGs. The molecular species, as the combination of fatty acids in the DG moiety, were revealed to be bacterial species-characteristic, but to be similar between glycolipids and phospholipids in individual bacteria, the major ones being 16:0 and cy19:0 for LR, ai15:0 and ai17:0 for SE, and 16:0 and 18:1 for SS, respectively. The carbohydrate structures of DH-DGs were also bacterial species-characteristic, being Galα1-2Glcα for LR, Glcβ1-6Glcβ for SE, and Glcα1-2Glcα for SS, respectively. Also, bacterial glycolipids were revealed to provide antigenic determinants characteristic of bacterial species on immunization of rabbits with the respective bacteria. Anti-
L. johnsonii
antiserum intensely reacted with tri- and tetrahexaosyl DGs, in which Galα was bound to DH-DG through an α1-6 linkage, as well as with DH-DG from LR. Although anti-SE antiserum preferentially reacted with DH-DG from SE, anti-SS antiserum reacted with DH-DG from SS and, to a lesser extent, with DH-DGs from LR and SE. But, both anti-SE and anti-SS antiserum did not react at all with monohexaosyl DG or glycosphingolipids with the same carbohydrates at the nonreducing terminals. In addition, 75 % of human sera, irrespective of the ABO blood group, were found to contain IgM to tri- and tetrahexaosyl DGs from LR, but not to DH-DGs from LR, SE and SS.