Optimization of the antioxidant polyphenolic compounds extraction of yellow passion fruit seeds (Passiflora edulis Sims) by response surface methodology

• Published in: Journal of food science and technology Vol. 54; no. 11; pp. 3552 - 3561
• Main Authors: de Santana, Fernanda Carvalho, de Oliveira Torres, Lucillia Rabelo, Shinagawa, Fernanda Branco, de Oliveira e Silva, Ana Mara, Yoshime, Luciana Tedesco, de Melo, Illana Louise Pereira, Marcellini, Paulo Sergio, Mancini-Filho, Jorge
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Delhi Springer India 01-10-2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agricultural wastes; Antioxidants; Bioactive compounds; Bleaching; Chemical industry; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Dependent variables; Ethanol; Extraction; Extraction processes; Food industry; Food Science; Fruits; Gallic acid; Independent variables; Industrial wastes; Ionization; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Nutrition; Optimization; Original; Original Article; Passion fruit; Piceatannol; Polyphenols; Response surface methodology; Seeds; Stilbene; Studies; β-Carotene; Agro-industrial waste; Sims; Response surface methodology; Piceatannol; Polyphenol extraction; Passiflora edulis Sims
• ISSN: 0022-1155; 0975-8402
• DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2813-3

The conditions for the solid–liquid extraction of the antioxidant polyphenol compounds from yellow passion fruit seeds were optimized by response surface methodology with the following variables as the extraction parameters: extraction time (12.8–147.2 min), ethanol concentration (13–97%), and temperature (16.4–83.6 °C). The polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity, which were assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, β-carotene bleaching assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, were considered dependent variables. The association of the dependent variables was effective for explaining the effect of the independent variables within a determination coefficient (R
2
) range of 0.88–0.96. A moderate-to-strong correlation for the polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity by the investigated methods was established, and optimized conditions were employed to maximize this response. Extraction was carried out at 80 °C using 70% ethanol concentration for 30 min, which was the most efficient condition to obtain an extract with high concentrations of polyphenolic compounds (3.12 g gallic acid equivalent/100 g seed dry basis) and a strong antioxidant capacity. The stilbene piceatannol was the major compound identified by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (3.68 g/100 g seed dry basis). These results reinforce that agro-industrial waste demonstrates potential as a source of bioactive compounds, with implications in human health as well as in food and chemical industries.