Abell 1033: birth of a radio phoenix

• Published in: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 448; no. 3; pp. 2197 - 2209
• Main Authors: de Gasperin, F., Ogrean, G. A., van Weeren, R. J., Dawson, W. A., Brüggen, M., Bonafede, A., Simionescu, A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Oxford University Press 11-04-2015; Royal Astronomical Society
• Subjects: Active galactic nuclei; Arrays; ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Density; Displacement; Galactic clusters; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 1033; large-scale structure of Universe; Lobes; Morphology; Radio; radio continuum: general; Radio galaxies; Star & galaxy formation; X-ray astronomy; X-rays: galaxies: clusters; radio continuum: general; X-rays: galaxies: clusters; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 1033; large-scale structure of Universe
• ISSN: 0035-8711; 1365-2966
• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv129

Extended steep-spectrum radio emission in a galaxy cluster is usually associated with a recent merger. However, given the complex scenario of galaxy cluster mergers, many of the discovered sources hardly fit into the strict boundaries of a precise taxonomy. This is especially true for radio phoenixes that do not have very well defined observational criteria. Radio phoenixes are aged radio galaxy lobes whose emission is reactivated by compression or other mechanisms. Here, we present the detection of a radio phoenix close to the moment of its formation. The source is located in Abell 1033, a peculiar galaxy cluster which underwent a recent merger. To support our claim, we present unpublished Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope and Chandra observations together with archival data from the Very Large Array and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We discover the presence of two subclusters displaced along the N–S direction. The two subclusters probably underwent a recent merger which is the cause of a moderately perturbed X-ray brightness distribution. A steep-spectrum extended radio source very close to an active galactic nucleus (AGN) is proposed to be a newly born radio phoenix: the AGN lobes have been displaced/compressed by shocks formed during the merger event. This scenario explains the source location, morphology, spectral index, and brightness. Finally, we show evidence of a density discontinuity close to the radio phoenix and discuss the consequences of its presence.