One Pot Synthesis of Graphene through Microwave Assisted Liquid Exfoliation of Graphite in Different Solvents

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 27; no. 15; p. 5027
• Main Authors: Gürünlü, Betül, Taşdelen-Yücedağ, Çiğdem, Bayramoğlu, Mahmut
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 07-08-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Caustic soda; Composite materials; Conductivity; Diamines; Dielectric properties; Dipole moments; Electrical conductivity; Electrical resistivity; Ethylene; Fourier transforms; Graphene; Graphite; Infrared spectroscopy; liquid phase exfoliation; Methods; microwave irradiation; Octanol; one pot synthesis; Perchloric acid; Scanning electron microscopy; Sensors; Sodium hydroxide; Solvents; Spectra; Spectrum analysis; top-down approach; X-ray diffraction; Italy; United Kingdom > UK; United States > US; Germany
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155027

This study presents an easy and quick method for the synthesis of graphene from graphite in a set of solvents, including n-Hexadecane (n-Hexa), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 1-octanol (OCTA), perchloric acid (PA), N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), ethylene glycol (EG), and ethylene diamine (ED), via microwave (MW) energy. The properties of final products were determined by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and the four-point probe technique. The XRD spectra of most of the MW-assisted graphene products showed peaks at 2θ = 26.5° and 54°. Layer numbers extend from 2 and 25, and the leading comes about were gotten by having two-layered products, named as graphene synthesized in dimethylsulfoxide (G-DMSO), graphene synthesized in ethylene glycol (G-EG), and graphene synthesized in 1-octanol (G-OCTA). G-DMF has the highest electrical conductivity with 22 S/m. The electrical conductivity is higher when the dipole moment of the used solvent is between 2 and 4 Debye (D). The FTIR spectra of most of the MW-assisted graphene products are in line with commercial graphene (CG). The UV-Vis spectra of all MW-assisted graphene products showed a peak at 223 nm referring to characteristic sp2 C=C bonds and 273 nm relating to the n → π * transition of C-O bonds.