Effects of field-applied composted cattle manure and chemical fertilizer on ammonia and particulate ammonium exchanges at an upland field

• Published in: Atmospheric environment (1994) Vol. 43; no. 35; pp. 5702 - 5707
• Main Authors: Hayashi, Kentaro, Koga, Nobuhisa, Yanai, Yosuke
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01-11-2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Ammoniacal nitrogen exchange; Andosol; Applied sciences; Atmospheric pollution; Earth, ocean, space; Exact sciences and technology; External geophysics; Fertilizer application; Meteorology; Northern Japan; Pollution; Upland field; Asia; Japan; Japan, Hokkaido; Northern Japan; Ammoniacal nitrogen exchange; Upland field; Andosol; Fertilizer application; Compost; Ammonium; Fertilization; Chemical compound; Andosols; Nitrogen; Farmyard manure; Fertilizers; Ammonia; Suspended particle; Agriculture; Agricultural waste; Animal waste; Cattle manure
• ISSN: 1352-2310; 1873-2844
• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.07.043

The present study aimed to investigate the NH
3 volatilization loss from field-applied compost and chemical fertilizer and evaluate the atmosphere–land exchange of NH
3 and particulate NH
4
+ (pNH
4) at an upland field with volcanic ash soil (Andosol) in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Two-step basal fertilization was conducted on the bare soil surface. First, a moderately fermented compost of cattle manure was applied by surface incorporation (mixing depth, 0–15 cm) at a rate of 117 kg N ha
−1 as total nitrogen (T-N) corresponding to 9.9 kg N ha
−1 as ammoniacal nitrogen (NH
4–N). Twelve days later, a chemical fertilizer containing 10% (w/w) of NH
4–N as a mixture of ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphates was applied by row placement (cover depth, 3 cm) at a rate of 100 kg N ha
−1 as NH
4–N. The study period was divided into the first-half, beginning after the compost application (CCM period), and the second-half, beginning after the chemical fertilizer application (CF period). The mean air concentrations of NH
3 and pNH
4 (1.5 m height) were 7.6 and 3.0 μg N m
−3, respectively, in the CCM period; the values were 3.7 and 3.9 μg N m
−3, respectively, in the CF period. The composition ratios of NH
3 to the sum of NH
3 and pNH
4 (1.5 m height) were 72% and 49% in the CCM and CF periods, respectively. The NH
3 volatilization loss from the compost was 0.8% of the applied T-N (or 9.3% of the applied NH
4–N) and that from the chemical fertilizer was near zero. Excluding the period immediately after the compost application, the upland field acted as a net sink for NH
3 and pNH
4.