Detection and Characterization of Human Enteroviruses, Human Cosaviruses, and a New Human Parechovirus Type in Healthy Individuals in Osun State, Nigeria, 2016/2017

• Published in: Viruses Vol. 11; no. 11; p. 1037
• Main Authors: Osundare, Folakemi Abiodun, Opaleye, Oladele Oluyinka, Akindele, Akeem Abiodun, Adedokun, Samuel Adeyinka, Akanbi, Olusola Anuoluwapo, Bock, Claus-Thomas, Diedrich, Sabine, Böttcher, Sindy
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 07-11-2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Age groups; Asymptomatic Infections - epidemiology; Caco-2 Cells; Capsid Proteins - genetics; Cell culture; Cell lines; containment; cosaviruses; Enterovirus - genetics; Enterovirus - isolation & purification; Enterovirus Infections - epidemiology; Enteroviruses; Feces - virology; Genomes; Genotyping; Humans; Inoculation; Molecular Epidemiology; Molecular Typing; nigeria; Nigeria - epidemiology; Parechovirus - classification; Parechovirus - genetics; Parechovirus - isolation & purification; parechoviruses; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Picornaviridae - classification; Picornaviridae - genetics; Picornaviridae - isolation & purification; Picornaviridae Infections - epidemiology; picornavirus; Poliomyelitis; poliovirus; Polymerase chain reaction; RNA, Viral - genetics; Nigeria; United States > US; containment; enteroviruses; cosaviruses; parechoviruses; Nigeria; picornavirus; poliovirus
• ISSN: 1999-4915; 1999-4915
• DOI: 10.3390/v11111037

Human enteroviruses and human parechoviruses are associated with a broad range of diseases and even severe and fatal conditions. For human cosaviruses, the etiological role is yet unknown. Little is known about the circulation of non-polio enteroviruses, human parechoviruses, and human cosaviruses in Nigeria. A total of 113 stool samples were collected from healthy individuals in Osun State between February 2016 and May 2017. RT-PCR assays targeting the 5' non-coding region (5' -NCR) were used to screen for human enteroviruses, human parechoviruses, and human cosaviruses. For human enteroviruses, species-specific RT-PCR assays targeting the VP1 regions were used for molecular typing. Inoculation was carried out on RD-A, CaCo-2, HEp-2C, and L20B cell lines to compare molecular and virological assays. Ten samples tested positive for enterovirus RNA with 11 strains detected, including CV-A13 (
= 3), E-18 (
= 2), CV-A20 (
= 1), CV-A24 (
= 1), EV-C99 (
= 1), and EV-C116 (
= 2). Three samples tested positive for human parechovirus RNA, and full genome sequencing on two samples allowed assignment to a new Parechovirus A type (HPeV-19). Thirty-three samples tested positive for cosavirus with assignment to species Cosavirus D and Cosavirus A based on the 5'-NCR region. Screening of stool samples collected from healthy individuals in Nigeria in 2016 and 2017 revealed a high diversity of circulating human enteroviruses, human parechoviruses, and human cosaviruses. Molecular assays for genotyping showed substantial benefits compared with those of cell-culture assays.