Energy-Efficient Forest Fire Prediction Model Based on Two-Stage Adaptive Duty-Cycled Hybrid X-MAC Protocol

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 18; no. 9; p. 2960
• Main Authors: Kang, Jin-Gu, Lim, Dong-Woo, Jung, Jin-Woo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 05-09-2018; MDPI
• Subjects: Access control; adaptive; American dollar; Climate change; duty-cycle; Energy consumption; energy efficient; Forest & brush fires; forest fire; Humidity; hybrid; International conferences; Maintenance costs; prediction model; protocol; Rain; Science; Sensors; Software; Statistics; Traffic; Wireless Sensor Network; X-MAC; United States > US; South Korea; forest fire; adaptive; protocol; Wireless Sensor Network; hybrid; prediction model; sensors; X-MAC; duty-cycle; energy efficient
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s18092960

This paper proposes an adaptive duty-cycled hybrid X-MAC (ADX-MAC) protocol for energy-efficient forest fire prediction. The Asynchronous sensor network protocol, X-MAC protocol, acquires additional environmental status details from each forest fire monitoring sensor for a given period, and then changes the duty-cycle sleep interval to efficiently calculate forest fire occurrence risk according to the environment. Performance was verified experimentally, and the proposed ADX-MAC protocol improved throughput by 19% and was 24% more energy efficient compared to the X-MAC protocol. The duty-cycle was shortened as forest fire probability increased, ensuring forest fires were detected at faster cycle rate.