Timing of HPV vaccine intervals among United States teens with consideration to the current ACIP schedule and the WHO 2-dose schedule

• Published in: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics Vol. 12; no. 6; pp. 1375 - 1380
• Main Authors: Cloessner, Emily A., Stokley, Shannon, Yankey, David, Markowitz, Lauri E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Taylor & Francis 02-06-2016
• Subjects: Adolescent; adolescent vaccination; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HPV; Humans; Immunization Schedule; Male; Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control; Papillomavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage; Research Paper; United States; vaccination schedules; World Health Organization; vaccination schedules; adolescent vaccination; HPV
• ISSN: 2164-5515; 2164-554X
• DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1110659

The current recommendation for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the United States is for 3 doses to be administered over a 6 month period. In April 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended adoption of a 2-dose schedule, with doses spaced a minimum of 6 months apart, for teens who begin the series before age 15. We analyzed data from the 2013 National Immunization Survey-Teen to examine the timing of second and third dose receipt among US adolescents. All analyses were restricted to adolescents age 13-17 y who had adequate provider data. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test measured differences in time to receive vaccine doses among demographic and socioeconomic groups. Logistic regression identified socioeconomic characteristics associated with receiving the second dose of HPV vaccine at least 6 months after the first dose. The median time for teens to receive the second dose of HPV vaccine was 2.6 months after the first dose, and the median time to receive the third dose was 4.9 months after the second dose. Minority teens and teens living below the poverty level took significantly longer to receive doses. Among teens that initiated the HPV vaccine series before age 15 y, 28.6% received the second dose at least 6 months after the first dose. If these teens, who met the WHO criteria for up-to-date HPV vaccination, were classified as having completed the vaccination series, overall coverage in the US would increase 3.9 percentage points, with African American and Hispanic teens having the greatest increases in coverage.