Sesquiterpene lactones-enriched fractions from Xanthium mongolicum Kitag alleviate RA by regulating M1 macrophage polarization via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway

• Published in: Frontiers in pharmacology Vol. 14; p. 1104153
• Main Authors: Han, Jing, Wang, Jingwen, Wang, Yicun, Zhu, Zhiqi, Zhang, Siwang, Wu, Bingrong, Meng, Mingsong, Zhao, Jianning, Wang, Dongsheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 26-01-2023
• Subjects: macrophage; Pharmacology; rheumatoid arthritis; sesquiterpene lactone; traditional Chinese medicine; Xanthium mongolicum kitag; macrophage; traditional Chinese medicine; sesquiterpene lactone; Xanthium mongolicum kitag; rheumatoid arthritis
• ISSN: 1663-9812; 1663-9812
• DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1104153

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease, characterized by activated M1-like macrophage in the joint.
Kitag (
) is a traditional medicinal plant that has long been used to treat RA and other immune diseases in China.
Fractions of
were separated based on polarity. Anti-RA activity of the fractions were screened by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage
. The major active compounds were identified by UPLC-MS and quantified by HPLC. The anti-RA effects of the active fraction was evaluated in complete freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse models
and LPS-stimulated macrophage
.
Sesquiterpene lactones-enriched fraction from
(SL-XM) exhibited the strongest anti-RA activity among all components
. Five major constituents i.e., Xanthinosin (1), Xanthatin (2), Mogolide D (3), Mogolide E (4), and Mogolide A (5) were identified as major compounds of SL-XM. SL-XM ameliorated symptoms of CFA and CIA induced arthritis mice model. Furthermore, SL-XM treatment inhibited LPS-induced M1 macrophages polarization. In addition, SL-XM inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-induced macrophage and CIA-challenged mice.
The main anti-RA active fraction of
may be the Sesquiterpene lactones, which includes five key compounds. SL-XM may exert its anti-RA effect by suppressing M1 macrophage polarization
the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway.