Transformation Electromagnetics Devices Based on Printed-Circuit Tensor Impedance Surfaces

• Published in: IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques Vol. 62; no. 5; pp. 1102 - 1111
• Main Authors: Patel, Amit M., Grbic, Anthony
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01-05-2014; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Anisotropic structures; Anisotropy; Applied sciences; artificial impedance surfaces; Coordinate transformations; Design; Devices; Electromagnetic fields; Electronic equipment and fabrication. Passive components, printed wiring boards, connectics; Electronics; Equations; Exact sciences and technology; Finite element analysis; Impedance; impedance sheets; Mathematical analysis; metasurfaces; Microwaves; Optical surface waves; periodic structures; Surface impedance; Surface waves; Tensile stress; tensor surfaces; Tensors; transformation electromagnetics (EM); Transformations; Vectors; Surface impedance; periodic structures; Electromagnetism; Surface wave; impedance sheets; tensor surfaces; Boundary condition; Cladding; transformation electromagnetics (EM); Electromagnetic device; metasurfaces; Implementation; Periodic structure; Anisotropic structures; Anisotropic structure; Dielectric substrate; artificial impedance surfaces; surface waves; Graphene; Zero band gap semiconductors; Electromagnetic field; Printed circuit
• ISSN: 0018-9480; 1557-9670
• DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2014.2314440

A method for designing transformation electromagnetics devices using tensor impedance surfaces is presented. The method is first applied to idealized tensor impedance boundary conditions (TIBCs), and later to printed-circuit tensor impedance surfaces (PCTISs). A PCTIS is a practical realization of a TIBC. It consists of a tensor impedance sheet, which models a subwavelength patterned metallic cladding, over a grounded dielectric substrate. The method outlined in this paper allows anisotropic TIBCs and PCTISs to be designed that support tangential wave vector distributions and power flow directions specified by a coordinate transformation. As an example, beam-shifting devices are designed, using TIBCs and PCTISs, that allow a surface wave to be shifted laterally. The designs are verified with a commercial full-wave electromagnetic solver. This work opens new opportunities for the design and implementation of anisotropic and inhomogeneous printed-circuit or graphene-based surfaces that can guide or radiate electromagnetic fields.