Investigating the Co-movement Nexus Between Air Quality, Temperature, and COVID-19 in California: Implications for Public Health

• Published in: Frontiers in public health Vol. 9; p. 815248
• Main Authors: Fareed, Zeeshan, Bashir, Muhammad Farhan, Bilal, Salem, Sultan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 23-12-2021
• Subjects: Air Pollutants - analysis; Air Pollution - analysis; air quality index; California; COVID-19; Humans; Particulate Matter - analysis; Public Health; SARS-CoV-2; Temperature; wavelet-analysis; COVID-19; air quality index; temperature; California; wavelet-analysis
• ISSN: 2296-2565; 2296-2565
• DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.815248

This research aims to look at the link between environmental pollutants and the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in California. To illustrate the COVID-19 outbreak, weather, and environmental pollution, we used daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients, average daily temperature, and air quality Index, respectively. To evaluate the data from March 1 to May 24, 2020, we used continuous wavelet transform and then applied partial wavelet coherence (PWC), wavelet transform coherence (WTC), and multiple wavelet coherence (MWC). Empirical estimates disclose a significant association between these series at different time-frequency spaces. The COVID-19 outbreak in California and average daily temperature show a negative (out phase) coherence. Similarly, the air quality index and COVID-19 also show a negative association circle during the second week of the observed period. Our findings will serve as policy implications for state and health officials and regulators to combat the COVID-19 outbreak.