Turbidity removal by conventional and ballasted coagulation with natural coagulants

• Published in: Applied water science Vol. 9; no. 5; pp. 1 - 9
• Main Authors: Gaikwad, V. T., Munavalli, G. R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01-07-2019; Springer Nature B.V; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Activated carbon; Aloe; Aloe vera; Aquatic Pollution; Ballasting; Coagulants; Coagulation; Comparative Law; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Hydrogeology; Industrial and Production Engineering; International & Foreign Law; Kernels; Micro sand; Moringa oleifera; Nanotechnology; Original Article; Polymers; Private International Law; Removal; Sand; Seeds; Strychnos potatorum; Trees; Turbidity; Waste Water Technology; Water analysis; Water Industry/Water Technologies; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Water sampling; Ballasting; Micro sand
• ISSN: 2190-5487; 2190-5495
• DOI: 10.1007/s13201-019-1009-6

Kernel of
Moringa oleifera
and
Strychnos potatorum
(Nirmali) seeds has the potential for turbidity removal. However, potential of seed kernel naturally dried in trees and that of sun-dried and oven-dried seeds and other parts, such as coat and wing of
Moringa oleifera,
has not been explored. In the present study, various forms of kernel and parts of
Moringa oleifera
seed were used to assess the removal of turbidity aided with/without coagulant aid and ballasting agent. Low (< 12 NTU), medium (> 13 <= 24 NTU) and high turbidity (>= 25 <= 35 NTU) water samples were used in the present study. Micro-sand and powdered activated carbon (PAC) were used as ballasting agents along with
Aloe Vera
as a coagulant aid/natural polymer. The kernel from seeds naturally dried in
Moringa oleifera
tree was found to possess more coagulant property. The optimum dose of
Moringa oleifera
for medium and high turbidity was found to be 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L, respectively, with turbidity removal of 90.46% and 88.57%. The optimum dose of
Strychnos potatorum
was 0.2 mg/L, 0.6 mg/L, and 0.8 mg/L for low, medium and high turbidity, with turbidity removal as 71.42, 64.28 and 57.14%, respectively.
Aloe Vera
acts as a coagulant aid with the natural coagulants and increases turbidity removal. Ballasting agents micro-sand and PAC, with
Aloe Vera
and coagulants, increase turbidity removal and reduce the settling time.