Effects of Statins on Fat Oxidation Improvements After Aerobic Exercise Training

• Published in: The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Vol. 108; no. 5; pp. e139 - e147
• Main Authors: Alvarez-Jimenez, Laura, Morales-Palomo, Felix, Moreno-Cabañas, Alfonso, Ortega, Juan F, Mora-Rodriguez, Ricardo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 01-05-2023
• Subjects: Aerobics; Analysis; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Fitness training programs; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - therapy; Oxidation; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidation-reduction reaction; Oxygen Consumption; Physical fitness; Physical training; Statins; Type 2 diabetes; Workloads; Spain; metabolic syndrome; fat oxidation; statins
• ISSN: 0021-972X; 1945-7197
• DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac668

Abstract
Context
Statins blunt cardiorespiratory fitness improvements after exercise training and may affect fat oxidation adaptations to training.
Objective
To determine if long-term statin use in dyslipidemic individuals restricts the improvements in fat oxidation typically observed after an intense exercise-training program.
Methods
A total of 106 metabolic syndrome individuals either chronically medicated with statins (ie, statin group; n = 46) or statin naive (ie, control group; n = 60) completed a 16-week supervised high-intensity interval training program. Maximal rates of oxygen consumption (V˙O2MAX), fat oxidation (FOMAX), and the shape of the workload-fat oxidation curve were assessed before and 48 hours after training in an overnight fasted state.
Results
Starting from a similar value at baseline, both groups increased V˙O2MAX after training, but the increase was larger in the control than in the statin group (19.4% vs 12.6%; P = .013). Before training, FOMAX in the statin group was lower (0.19 ± 0.08 vs 0.23 ± 0.07 g·min−1; P = .023) and took place at a lower workload (33 ± 21 vs 37 ± 19 W; P = .015) than in the control group. After training, FOMAX improved similarly in both groups (0.06 ± 0.08; 95% CI, 0.03-0.08 g·min−1 and 0.05 ± 0.09; 95% CI, 0.03-0.07 g·min−1, for statin and control groups, respectively; (P < .001). Still, after training, FOMAX occurred at a 28% lower workload in the statin group (38 ± 26 vs 53 ± 32 W; P = .048). The V˙O2-workload slope decreased after training in both groups (both P < .001) along with reductions in the respiratory exchange ratio-workload slope. Fat oxidation increased at all workloads after training regardless of the use of statins.
Conclusion
Long-term statin treatment is associated with blunted exercise fat oxidation before exercise training. However, statin use does not attenuate the improvements in exercise fat oxidation (FOMAX) derived from intense aerobic exercise training. This finding should encourage statin users to exercise-train to benefit from increased fat oxidation once their fitness level improves.