MS-HNN: Multi-scale Hierarchical Neural Network with Squeeze and Excitation Block for Neonatal Sleep Staging Using a Single-Channel EEG

• Published in: IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering Vol. 31; p. 1
• Main Authors: Zhu, Hangyu, Xu, Yan, Shen, Ning, Wu, Yonglin, Wang, Laishuang, Chen, Chen, Chen, Wei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States IEEE 01-01-2023; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Artificial neural networks; Channels; Child; Computer applications; Convolutional neural networks; Data acquisition; Data mining; EEG; Electroencephalography; Electroencephalography - methods; Excitation; Feature extraction; Hidden Markov models; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Machine Learning; Modules; neonatal sleep staging; Neonates; Neural network; Neural networks; Neural Networks, Computer; Newborn babies; Pediatrics; single channel; Sleep; Sleep Stages; squeeze and excitation block
• ISSN: 1534-4320; 1558-0210
• DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2023.3266876

Most existing neonatal sleep staging approaches applied multiple EEG channels to obtain good performance. However, it potentially increased the computational complexity and led to an increased risk of skin disruption to neonates during data acquisition. In this paper, a multi-scale hierarchical neural network (MS-HNN) with a squeeze and excitation (SE) block for neonatal sleep staging is presented in this study on the basis of a single EEG channel. MS-HNN composes of multi-scale convolutional neural network (MSCNN), temporal information learning (TIL) module, and squeeze and excitation (SE) block. MSCNN can extract features from different scales and frequencies, and TIL module can acquire the transition information among adjacent stages. In addition, for these extracted features, SE block can selectively concentrate on informative features and weaken redundant features for achieving better performance. The proposed approach was validated on a clinical dataset involving 64 neonates from the Children's Hospital of Fudan University (CHFU). The proposed network achieves an accuracy of 75.4% and 76.5% for three-class automatic neonatal sleep staging with the single-EEG channel and the eight-EEG channels, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed method can maintain good performance by making full use of the information in the single channel while reducing the channels to control the computational overhead.