HIV-associated CD8+ T-cell Skin Infiltrative Disease and EBV-associated Polymorphic B-cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder in an AIDS Patient Who Improved Dramatically with Antiretroviral Therapy Alone

• Published in: Internal Medicine Vol. 63; no. 15; pp. 2177 - 2182
• Main Authors: Okada, Naoki, Saito, Kenki, Watanabe, Momoko, Ohtani, Toshio, Notohara, Kenji, Wada, Hideho, Ueda, Yasunori
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine 01-08-2024; Japan Science and Technology Agency
• Subjects: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - immunology; Adult; Antiretroviral therapy; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; B-Lymphocytes - immunology; Case Report; CD8 antigen; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; EBV-associated polymorphic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder; Epstein-Barr virus; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - complications; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - drug therapy; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - immunology; erythroderma; Herpesvirus 4, Human - immunology; HIV; HIV Infections - complications; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - immunology; HIV-associated CD8+ T-cell skin infiltrative disease; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Lymphadenopathy; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes B; Lymphocytes T; Lymphoma; Lymphoproliferative Disorders - diagnosis; Lymphoproliferative Disorders - drug therapy; Lymphoproliferative Disorders - immunology; Male; Skin diseases; Treatment Outcome; erythroderma; HIV-associated CD8+ T-cell skin infiltrative disease; EBV-associated polymorphic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder; antiretroviral therapy
• ISSN: 0918-2918; 1349-7235; 1349-7235
• DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2687-23

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated CD8+ T-cell skin infiltrative disease with severe erythroderma has rarely been reported. While HIV-positive patients are prone to develop lymphoma, which is often associated with Epstein-Barr virus, polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorder is rare, accounting for <5% of cases. We herein report a 41-year-old HIV-positive man who presented with a fever, erythroderma, and lymphadenopathy and was diagnosed with the coexistence of both diseases. His condition improved significantly with continued antiretroviral therapy. This case suggests that HIV-induced immunodeficiency is central to the pathogenesis of both entities and that improvement of the immunodeficient state is an effective treatment.