Skeletal Muscle Characteristics of Rats with Obesity, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia

• Published in: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis Vol. 16; no. 5; pp. 576 - 585
• Main Authors: Nagatomo, Fumiko, Gu, Ning, Fujino, Hidemi, Takeda, Isao, Tsuda, Kinsuke, Ishihara, Akihiko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Japan Atherosclerosis Society 01-10-2009
• Subjects: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase - metabolism; Animals; Base Sequence; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - enzymology; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - pathology; DNA Primers; Hyperlipidemias - complications; Hyperlipidemias - enzymology; Hyperlipidemias - metabolism; Hyperlipidemias - pathology; Hypertension - complications; Hypertension - enzymology; Hypertension - metabolism; Hypertension - pathology; Lifestyle-related disease; Male; mRNA expression level; Muscle fiber type; Muscle, Skeletal - enzymology; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Muscle, Skeletal - pathology; Obesity - complications; Obesity - enzymology; Obesity - metabolism; Obesity - pathology; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors - metabolism; Rats; RNA, Messenger - genetics; Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - metabolism
• ISSN: 1340-3478; 1880-3873
• DOI: 10.5551/jat.1065

Aim: Data on the skeletal muscle characteristics of patients and animals with lifestyle-related diseases are limited. We investigated mRNA expression levels and fiber profiles in the skeletal muscles of rats with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and/or hyperlipidemia.Methods: The mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα and PPARδ/β), PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), carnitine palmi-toyl-transferase I (CPT I), medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), and mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) in the soleus muscles were compared among 15-week-old control (WR), type 2 diabetic (GK), hypertensive (SHR), and hyperlipidemic (CP) rats. The fiber profiles in the soleus muscles of these rats were also determined.Results: GK rats showed lower PPARδ/β, PGC-1α, and MCAD expression levels than WR rats. SHR rats showed higher PPARα and MCAD and lower PPARδ/β expression levels than WR rats. CP rats showed lower PPARδ/β and higher SCD-1 expression levels than WR rats. The muscles of WR, SHR, and CP rats had low-oxidative type I and high-oxidative type IIA and type IIC fibers, whereas the muscle of GK rats had only low-oxidative type I fibers.Conclusions: The skeletal muscles of rats with lifestyle-related diseases have unique mRNA expres-sion patterns and fiber profiles depending on the type of disease. For example, the lower PGC-1α and MCAD mRNA expression levels in the soleus muscles of type 2 diabetic rats are associated with the presence of only low-oxidative type I fibers in the muscle.