Perturbation of gene expression and steroidogenesis with in vitro exposure of fathead minnow ovaries to ketoconazole

• Published in: Marine environmental research Vol. 66; no. 1; pp. 113 - 115
• Main Authors: Perkins, Edward J., Garcia-Reyero, Natàlia, Villeneuve, Daniel L., Martinovic, Dalma, Brasfield, Sandra M., Blake, Lindsey S., Brodin, Jeffrey D., Denslow, Nancy D., Ankley, Gerald T.
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-07-2008; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Cyprinidae - physiology; Estradiol - metabolism; Female; Fresh water ecosystems; Freshwater; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gene expression profiling; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Ketoconazole; Ketoconazole - toxicity; Marine; Ovary - drug effects; Pimephales promelas; Sea water ecosystems; Steroidogenesis; Steroids - biosynthesis; Synecology; Testosterone - metabolism; Time Factors; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity; Ketoconazole; Gene expression profiling; Steroidogenesis; Gene expression profiling,Ketoconazole,Steroidogenesis; Perturbation; Gene expression; In vitro; Freshwater environment; Marine environment; Ovary; Vertebrata; Pisces; Female genital system; Pimephales promelas
• ISSN: 0141-1136; 1879-0291
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.02.072

Ketoconazole is a fungicidal drug that inhibits function of cytochrome P450s in the synthesis of steroids. To examine if inhibition of P450 function affects gene expression in a dynamic manner, we conducted
in vitro exposures of ovary tissue from fathead minnows (
Pimephales promelas) to 0.5
μM ketoconazole to investigate effects on steroid production and gene expression over time. Expression of four key steroidogenesis genes was examined at 1, 6, and 12
h of exposure. 11β- and 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases were down regulated at 1
h and Cytochrome P450 17 was down-regulated at 12
h, consistent with the absence of steroid production. In contrast, cytochrome P450 19A was up-regulated at 6
h, indicating feedback regulation. Microarray analysis of 12
h exposures indicated enrichment of biological processes involved in neurotransmitter secretion, lymphocyte cell activation, sodium ion transport, and embryonic development. These data suggest that, with the exception of cytochrome P450 19A, these steroid metabolic genes are regulated in a feed forward manner and that the effects of ketoconazole may be broader than anticipated based on the mechanism of action alone.