Numerical Simulation of the Advantages of the Figure-Eight Flapping Motion of an Insect on Aerodynamics under Low Reynolds Number Conditions

• Published in: Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 9; no. 4; p. 249
• Main Authors: Yoshida, Masato, Fukui, Tomohiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-04-2024
• Subjects: Aerodynamics; Analysis; elevation angle; Evaluation; Flight; Fruits; hovering motion; Insects; lift coefficient; Mathematical models; power coefficient; R&D; Research & development; Reynolds number; Simulation methods; Unmanned aerial vehicles; Velocity; Vortices; Japan; power coefficient; vortex; unmanned aerial vehicles; Reynolds number; lift coefficient; hovering motion; elevation angle
• ISSN: 2313-7673; 2313-7673
• DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9040249

In proceeding with the advanced development of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which are small flying machines, understanding the flight of insects is important because UAVs that use flight are attracting attention. The figure-eight trajectory of the wing tips is often observed in the flight of insects. In this study, we investigated the more efficient figure-eight motion patterns in generating lift during the hovering motion and the relationship between figure-eight motion and Reynolds number. For this purpose, we compared the ratios of the cycle-averaged lift coefficient to the power coefficient generated from each motion by varying the elevation motion angle, which is the rotational motion that represents the figure-eight motion, and the Reynolds number. The result showed that the motion with a smaller initial phase of the elevation motion angle (φe0≤90°) could generate lift more efficiently at all Reynolds numbers. In addition, the figure-eight motion was more effective when the Reynolds number was low.