Cytokine production by co-cultures exposed to monodisperse amorphous silica nanoparticles: The role of size and surface area

[Display omitted] ► Size and surface area of silica nanoparticles have influence on cytokine secretion. ► The smallest nanoparticles induce the most pronounced response in cytokine secretion. ► Exposure of co-cultured epithelial cells with macrophages activates endothelial cells. The aim of this stu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicology letters Vol. 211; no. 2; pp. 98 - 104
Main Authors: Napierska, Dorota, Thomassen, Leen C.J., Vanaudenaerde, Bart, Luyts, Katrien, Lison, Dominique, Martens, Johan A., Nemery, Benoit, Hoet, Peter H.M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01-06-2012
Elsevier
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Summary:[Display omitted] ► Size and surface area of silica nanoparticles have influence on cytokine secretion. ► The smallest nanoparticles induce the most pronounced response in cytokine secretion. ► Exposure of co-cultured epithelial cells with macrophages activates endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to test the influence of nanoparticle size and surface area (SA) on cytokine secretion by co-cultures of pulmonary epithelial cells (A549), macrophages (differentiated THP-1 cells) and endothelium cells (EA.hy926) in a two-compartment system. We used monodisperse amorphous silica nanoparticles (2, 16, 60 and 104nm) at concentrations of 5μg/cm2 cell culture SA or 10cm2 particle SA/cm2. A549 and THP-1 cells were exposed to nanoparticles for 24h, in the presence of EA.hy926 cells cultured in an insert introduced above the bi-culture after 12h. Supernatants from both compartments were recovered and TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and MIP-1α were measured. Significant secretion of all cytokines was observed for the 2nm particles at both concentrations and in both compartments. Larger particles of 60nm induced significant cytokine secretion at the dose of 10cm2 particle SA/cm2. The use of multiple cellular types showed that cytokine secretion in single cell cultures is amplified or mitigated in co-cultures. The release of pro-inflammatory mediators by endothelial cells not directly exposed to nanoparticles indicates a possible endothelium activation after inhalation of silica particles. This work shows the role of size and SA in cellular response to amorphous nanosilica.
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ISSN:0378-4274
1879-3169
DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.002