The impact of nutrition and glucose intolerance on the development of tuberculosis in Japan

• Published in: The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 84 - 88
• Main Authors: Hayashi, S., Takeuchi, M., Hatsuda, K., Ogata, K., Kurata, M., Nakayama, T., Ohishi, Y., Nakamura, H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Paris, France International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 01-01-2014; International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacterial diseases; Biological and medical sciences; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Studies; Development Of Tuberculosis; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Female; Glucose Intolerance; Glucose Intolerance - diagnosis; Glucose Intolerance - epidemiology; Human bacterial diseases; Humans; Hypoalbuminemia - diagnosis; Hypoalbuminemia - epidemiology; Incidence; Infectious diseases; Japan - epidemiology; Male; Malnutrition - diagnosis; Malnutrition - epidemiology; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Nutrition; Nutritional Status; Pneumology; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Tuberculosis - diagnosis; Tuberculosis - epidemiology; Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections; Young Adult; Asia; Japan; Endocrinopathy; Nutrition; Respiratory disease; glucose intolerance; Mycobacterial infection; Feeding; Infection; Body mass index; Tuberculosis; Bacteriosis; Development; Impaired glucose tolerance; development of tuberculosis
• ISSN: 1027-3719; 1815-7920
• DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0495

BACKGROUND: Although Japan is categorised as an intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden country, the incidence of TB is nevertheless decreasing.OBJECTIVE: To identify metabolic and nutritional risk factors for the development of TB.DESIGN: We compared 522 TB in-patients (350 males,
172 females) with age- and sex-matched 522 controls randomly selected from among individuals undergoing comprehensive medical examinations. Patients with relapsed or multidrug-resistant TB were excluded.RESULT: The proportion of males with glucose intolerance was significantly higher in
TB patients than in controls (34.2% vs. 14.4%). Among females, the proportion with glucose intolerance was higher in TB patients than in controls (18.3% vs. 10.0%). In male and female controls and female TB patients, individuals with glucose intolerance had significantly higher body mass index
(BMI) than those without glucose intolerance. Low BMI was prevalent in male TB patients; there was no significant difference between the BMIs of TB patients with glucose intolerance and those without. Significant associations were found between BMI, peripheral white blood cell count, serum
albumin concentration and glucose intolerance and the development of TB in males. Albumin was a parameter significantly associated with TB development in females.CONCLUSION: In Japan, the development of TB is still associated with glucose intolerance and malnutrition.