The Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) experiment: rationale, study design and analysis plans

• Published in: Addiction (Abingdon, England) Vol. 97; no. s1; pp. 16 - 34
• Main Authors: Dennis, Michael, Titus, Janet C., Diamond, Guy, Donaldson, Jean, Godley, Susan H., Tims, Frank M., Webb, Charles, Kaminer, Yifrah, Babor, Thomas, Roebuck, M. C., Godley, Mark D., Hamilton, Nancy, Liddle, Howard, Scott, Christy K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Science Ltd 01-12-2002
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior - psychology; Adolescents; Cannabis; Child; Cognitive Therapy - methods; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug abuse; Drug use; Drugs; Evidence based medicine; Family Therapy - methods; Female; Guidelines; Health; Humans; Male; manual-guided therapy; Manuals; Marijuana; Marijuana Abuse - economics; Marijuana Abuse - psychology; Marijuana Abuse - therapy; Medical treatment; Motivation; quality assurance; Quality Assurance, Health Care; Social problems; Social Support; Substance abuse; substance abuse treatment; Treatment; USA; Young people
• ISSN: 0965-2140; 1360-0443
• DOI: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.97.s01.2.x

Aims  This paper provides a description of the rationale, study design, treatments and assessment procedures used in the Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) experiment.
Design  CYT was designed to (a) test the relative effectiveness, cost and benefit–cost of five promising treatment interventions under field conditions and (b) provide evidence based manual‐guided models of these interventions to the treatment field.
Setting  The study involved two community‐based treatment programs and two major medical centers.
Participants  Participants were 600 adolescents recruited from the regular intake who were between the ages of 12 and 18, had used marijuana in the past 90 days, and met one or more criteria of dependence or abuse.
Interventions  Participants were randomly assigned to one of five interventions: Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Family Support Network (FSN), Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (ACRA), or Multidimensional Family Therapy (MDFT).
Measurements  Self‐report data were collected at intake, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post discharge using the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN), as well as several supplemental self‐reports, collateral reports, urine testing, and service logs.
Findings  This paper reports on the study's implementation including the psychometric properties of the measures (alphas over 0.8), validity of self‐report (kappa over 0.6), high rates of treatment completion (81% completed two or more months), and high rates of follow‐up (over 94% per wave).
Conclusions  The feasibility of implementing the CYT manual‐guided treatment and quality assurance model in community‐based adolescent treatment programs is discussed.