Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) characterization and panton-valentine leukocidin gene occurrence for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Turkey, from 2003 to 2006

• Published in: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Vol. 94; no. 4; pp. 607 - 614
• Main Authors: Kilic, Abdullah, Guclu, Aylin Uskudar, Senses, Zeynep, Bedir, Orhan, Aydogan, Hakan, Basustaoglu, A. Celal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands 01-11-2008; Springer Netherlands; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; Bacterial Toxins - genetics; Bacterial Toxins - metabolism; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bacteriology; Biological and medical sciences; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Chromosomes; Chromosomes, Bacterial - genetics; Cross Infection - epidemiology; Cross Infection - microbiology; Drug resistance; Exotoxins - genetics; Exotoxins - metabolism; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genes; Genetics; Hospitals; Humans; Leukocidins - genetics; Leukocidins - metabolism; Life Sciences; Male; Medical Microbiology; Methicillin Resistance; Microbiology; Nosocomial infection; Original Paper; Plant Sciences; Soil Science & Conservation; Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus - classification; Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Staphylococcus aureus - genetics; Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification; Turkey - epidemiology; Asia; Turkey; SCC; types; TaqMan real-time PCR; Turkey; MRSA; PVL; Human; Genotype; Real time; SCCmec types . MRSA; Bacteria; Micrococcales; Leucocidine; Micrococcaceae; Clinical isolate; Staphylococcus aureus
• ISSN: 0003-6072; 1572-9699
• DOI: 10.1007/s10482-008-9278-3

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cause serious community-acquired and nosocomial diseases all over the world. We determined the SCCmec types and occurrence of the PVL gene by using TaqMan real-time PCR method, and correlated these with phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility patterns for MRSA strains collected from Gulhane Military Medical Academy Hospital (GMMAH) during 4 years study period. To our knowledge, this is the first report from Turkey of molecular SCCmec typing analysis of MRSA stains. A total of 385 clinical MRSA isolates collected in the clinical and Microbiology Laboratory at GMMAH between 2003 and 2006 were included in the study. Overall, SCCmec types-I, II, III, IV, V, nontypeable and PVL occurrence were detected in 11 (2.8%), 3 (0.8%), 316 (82.1%), 20 (5.1%), 20 (5.1%), 15 (3.9%) and 5 (1.3%) isolates, respectively. A total of 330 (85.5%) were SCCmec-I/II/III and 40 (10.3%) were SCCmec IV/V. SCCmec-I/II/III isolates were recovered more from patients with serious infections in surgical departments especially those with intensive care units than the SCCmec-IV/V isolates (χ² = 13.560, P < 0.001). SCCmec-I/II/III MRSA strains were predominantly recovered from blood stream (53.0%, P = 0.014), while SCCmec-IV/V strains were predominately isolated from skin and soft tissue and abscess (55.0%, P < 0.001). The PVL gene was detected in 10.0% of SCCmec-IV/V isolates in contrast to 0.3% in SCCmec-I/II/III (χ² = 25.164, P < 0.001). SCCmec-I/II/III MRSA strains were more resistant to clindamycin (χ² = 5.078, P = 0.024), amoxicillin-clavulanate (χ² = 84.912, P < 0.001), erythromycin (χ² = 4.651, P = 0.031), gentamicin (χ² = 24.869, P < 0.001), and rifampin (χ² = 18.878, P < 0.001) than SCCmec-IV/V MRSA strains. This data indicates that SCCmec-III MRSA strains that do not carry the PVL gene are the predominant MRSA strains in our hospital setting in Ankara, capital of Turkey and that SCCmec-I/II/III MRSA strains may cause serious infections in surgical departments especially those with intensive care units.