Prevalence of Mutations Associated with Reduced Antiretroviral Drug Susceptibility among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Seroconverters in the United States, 1993–1998

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 182; no. 1; pp. 330 - 333
• Main Authors: Weinstock, Hillard, Respess, Richard, Heneine, Walid, Petropoulos, Christos J., Hellmann, Nicholas S., Luo, Chi-Cheng, Pau, Chou-Pong, Woods, Toni, Gwinn, Marta, Kaplan, Jonathan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01-07-2000; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; AIDS; AIDS/HIV; Anti-HIV Agents - pharmacology; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; Antiretrovirals; Antivirals; Biological and medical sciences; Concise Communications; Drug resistance; Drug Resistance, Microbial - genetics; Female; Gene Frequency; Genetic mutation; HIV; HIV 1; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - epidemiology; HIV Infections - ethnology; HIV Infections - immunology; HIV Infections - virology; HIV Seropositivity; HIV-1 - drug effects; HIV-1 - genetics; HIV-1 - immunology; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human viral diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Inhibitory concentration 50; Male; Medical sciences; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mutation; Sexually transmitted diseases; United States - epidemiology; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids; Viruses; United States; Human; Immunopathology; HIV-1 virus; Transmission; Retroviridae; Enzyme inhibitor; AIDS; Immune deficiency; Lentivirus; Epidemiology; Infection; Virus; Chemotherapy; Sensitivity resistance; Treatment; Viral disease; Antiviral; Human immunodeficiency virus; Mutation
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/315686

To assess the prevalence of mutations associated with decreased antiretroviral drug susceptibility, specimens were tested from persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during 1993–1998. Subjects were drug naive and were attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in 6 US cities. All were enrolled consecutively and had tested negative for HIV during the 2 years before enrollment. Plasma specimens from patients having ⩾1 reverse transcriptase (RT) or primary protease mutation were tested phenol-typically with a recombinant virus assay. Of 99 patients, 6 (6%) had mutations associated with zidovudine resistance, 2 (2%) had mutations associated with non-nucleoside RT inhibitor resistance, and 1 (1%) had a primary protease mutation. Overall, the prevalence of resistance-associated primary mutations was 5%, although high levels of decreased drug susceptibility (IC5Os ⩾10 times that of a reference virus) were observed in just 1%. These findings confirm the transmission of these mutations to drug-naive persons.