Local Glaucomatous Defects of the Circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Show a Variety of Patterns of Progression

• Published in: Journal of glaucoma Vol. 29; no. 10; pp. 857 - 863
• Main Authors: Kim, Ha Min, McKee, William E., Malendowicz, Katarzyna B., Thenappan, Abinaya A., Tsamis, Emmanouil, Eguia, Melvi D., De Moraes, C. Gustavo, Ritch, Robert, Hood, Donald C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 01-10-2020
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Disease Progression; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle - diagnosis; Glaucoma, Open-Angle - physiopathology; Humans; Intraocular Pressure - physiology; Male; Middle Aged; Nerve Fibers - pathology; Optic Disk - diagnostic imaging; Optic Disk - pathology; Optic Nerve Diseases - diagnosis; Retinal Ganglion Cells - pathology; Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods; Vision Disorders - diagnosis; Visual Field Tests; Visual Fields - physiology
• ISSN: 1057-0829; 1536-481X
• DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001620

The region of glaucomatous progression, seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cRNFL), increases in width and depth in all eyes, but shows a variety of different patterns of loss across eyes.
The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of cRNFL loss secondary to glaucomatous progression in a region associated with the superior hemifield of the 24-2/30-2 visual field (VF).
Twenty-four eyes (20 patients) with a diagnosis of glaucoma and evidence of progression on OCT had OCT disc cube scans on at least 3 separate visits (mean follow-up 7.4 y; range: 3.9 to 11.4). Circumpapillary b-scans were derived after enface images were aligned to assure that the study region (ie, 0 to -135 degrees, where 0 degree is 9 o'clock, on a right eye) coincided. Within this region, a region of progression (ROP) was defined based on the loss in cRNFL thickness between the first and subsequent visits. The width of the ROP was determined, along with the locations of its leading (close to fixation) and trailing edges. In addition, for each ROP, the location and depth at the point of maximal loss, total loss, and average remaining retinal nerve fiber layer were measured.
The ROP proceeded both toward and away from fixation. Across eyes, the ROP varied widely in width (32 to 131 degrees, mean 82.7 degrees), location, and loss at point of deepest loss (22 to 99 μm, mean 52.9 μm), as well as total cRNFL loss.
All eyes showed a widening and deepening of the ROP, but a variety of different patterns of progressive cRNFL loss. Thus, one should expect considerable variation in patterns of VF loss. Furthermore, conventional metrics (global or quadrant cRNFL thickness) do not fully depict the progressive changes that can be appreciated by inspecting OCT images.