Role of DISC1 Interacting Proteins in Schizophrenia Risk from Genome‐Wide Analysis of Missense SNPs

• Published in: Annals of human genetics Vol. 77; no. 6; pp. 504 - 512
• Main Authors: Costas, Javier, Suárez‐Rama, Jose Javier, Carrera, Noa, Paz, Eduardo, Páramo, Mario, Agra, Santiago, Brenlla, Julio, Ramos‐Ríos, Ramón, Arrojo, Manuel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-11-2013
• Subjects: actin cytoskeleton; axonal transport; Carrier Proteins - metabolism; Computational Biology; Datasets as Topic; Epistasis, Genetic; gene set enrichment; Genes; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomes; Genotype; Humans; Mutation, Missense; Nerve Tissue Proteins - genetics; Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism; pathway analysis; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Protein Binding; Proteins; Psychosis; Risk; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenia - genetics; Schizophrenia - metabolism; Psychosis; actin cytoskeleton; axonal transport; gene set enrichment; pathway analysis
• ISSN: 0003-4800; 1469-1809
• DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12037

Summary
A balanced translocation affecting DISC1 cosegregates with several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, in a Scottish family. DISC1 is a hub protein of a network of protein–protein interactions involved in multiple developmental pathways within the brain. Gene set‐based analysis has been proposed as an alternative to individual analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to get information from genome‐wide association studies. In this work, we tested for an overrepresentation of the DISC1 interacting proteins within the top results of our ranked list of genes based on our previous genome‐wide association study of missense SNPs in schizophrenia. Our data set consisted of 5100 common missense SNPs genotyped in 476 schizophrenic patients and 447 control subjects from Galicia, NW Spain. We used a modification of the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis adapted for SNPs, as implemented in the GenGen software. The analysis detected an overrepresentation of the DISC1 interacting proteins (permuted P‐value = 0.0158), indicative of the role of this gene set in schizophrenia risk. We identified seven leading‐edge genes, MACF1, UTRN, DST, DISC1, KIF3A, SYNE1, and AKAP9, responsible for the overrepresentation. These genes are involved in neuronal cytoskeleton organization and intracellular transport through the microtubule cytoskeleton, suggesting that these processes may be impaired in schizophrenia.