Ellagic acid-enhanced biocompatibility and bioactivity in multilayer core-shell gold nanoparticles for ameliorating myocardial infarction injury

• Published in: Journal of nanobiotechnology Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 554 - 20
• Main Authors: Yu, Xina, Wang, Jie, Wang, Tiantian, Song, Shanshan, Su, Hongna, Huang, Hui, Luo, Pei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 11-09-2024; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Analysis; Animals; Apoptosis - drug effects; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology; Disease Models, Animal; Drug delivery systems; Drugs; Ellagic Acid - chemistry; Ellagic Acid - pharmacology; Gold - chemistry; Gold nanoparticles; Health aspects; Heart attack; Humans; Male; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Methods; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myocardial infarction; Myocardial Infarction - drug therapy; Nanoparticles; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Oxylipins; Polyphenols; Prevention; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Risk factors; Vehicles; Zebrafish; China; Myocardial infarction; Polyphenols; Oxidative stress; Biocompatibility; Gold nanoparticles; Oxylipins
• ISSN: 1477-3155; 1477-3155
• DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02796-8

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the main contributor to most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and the available post-treatment clinical therapeutic options are limited. The development of nanoscale drug delivery systems carrying natural small molecules provides biotherapies that could potentially offer new treatments for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage in MI. Considering the stability and reduced toxicity of gold-phenolic core-shell nanoparticles, this study aims to develop ellagic acid-functionalized gold nanoparticles (EA-AuNPs) to overcome these limitations.
We have successfully synthesized EA-AuNPs with enhanced biocompatibility and bioactivity. These core-shell gold nanoparticles exhibit excellent ROS-scavenging activity and high dispersion. The results from a label-free imaging method on optically transparent zebrafish larvae models and micro-CT imaging in mice indicated that EA-AuNPs enable a favorable excretion-based metabolism without overburdening other organs. EA-AuNPs were subsequently applied in cellular oxidative stress models and MI mouse models. We found that they effectively inhibit the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and the elevation of cardiac enzyme activities, thereby ameliorating oxidative stress injuries in MI mice. Further investigations of oxylipin profiles indicated that EA-AuNPs might alleviate myocardial injury by inhibiting ROS-induced oxylipin level alterations, restoring the perturbed anti-inflammatory oxylipins.
These findings collectively emphasized the protective role of EA-AuNPs in myocardial injury, which contributes to the development of innovative gold-phenolic nanoparticles and further advances their potential medical applications.