Deep Learning for Cell Migration in Nonwoven Materials and Evaluating Gene Transfer Effects following AAV6-ND4 Transduction

• Published in: Polymers Vol. 16; no. 9; p. 1187
• Main Authors: Larin, Ilya I, Shatalova, Rimma O, Laktyushkin, Victor S, Rybtsov, Stanislav A, Lapshin, Evgeniy V, Shevyrev, Daniil V, Karabelsky, Alexander V, Moskalets, Alexander P, Klinov, Dmitry V, Ivanov, Dimitry A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-05-2024
• Subjects: AAV; Algorithms; Artificial environments; Artificial tissues; Biological products; Biomedical materials; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell division; Composite materials; Deep learning; Design optimization; Electrodes; Electron microscopes; electrospun; Extracellular matrix; Fibroblasts; Gene therapy; Genes; Genetic engineering; Homing; Lasers; Machine learning; mats; Mechanical properties; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Morphology; neural network; Organs; Principles; Scanning electron microscopy; Tissue engineering; transduction; Transplants & implants; Wound healing; Germany; United States > US; mats; cell homing and migration; fibroblasts; electrospun; AAV; transduction; neural network
• ISSN: 2073-4360; 2073-4360
• DOI: 10.3390/polym16091187

Studying cell settlement in the three-dimensional structure of synthetic biomaterials over time is of great interest in research and clinical translation for the development of artificial tissues and organs. Tracking cells as physical objects improves our understanding of the processes of migration, homing, and cell division during colonisation of the artificial environment. In this study, the 3D environment had a direct effect on the behaviour of biological objects. Recently, deep learning-based algorithms have shown significant benefits for cell segmentation tasks and, furthermore, for biomaterial design optimisation. We analysed the primary LHON fibroblasts in an artificial 3D environment after adeno-associated virus transduction. Application of these tools to model cell homing in biomaterials and to monitor cell morphology, migration and proliferation indirectly demonstrated restoration of the normal cell phenotype after gene manipulation by AAV transduction. Following the 3Rs principles of reducing the use of living organisms in research, modeling the formation of tissues and organs by reconstructing the behaviour of different cell types on artificial materials facilitates drug testing, the study of inherited and inflammatory diseases, and wound healing. These studies on the composition and algorithms for creating biomaterials to model the formation of cell layers were inspired by the principles of biomimicry.