An Improved Method of Content Based Image Watermarking

• Published in: IEEE transactions on broadcasting Vol. 53; no. 2; pp. 468 - 479
• Main Authors: Parthasarathy, A.K., Kak, S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01-06-2007; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Coding, codes; Correlation based watermarking; Cryptography; Data mining; decimal sequences; Decimals; Detection, estimation, filtering, equalization, prediction; digital rights management; discrete cosine transform; Exact sciences and technology; Filtering; Frequency domain analysis; Frequency domains; Humans; Image coding; Image generation; Image processing; Information, signal and communications theory; just noticeable difference; Luminance; Noise robustness; PSNR; Random sequences; Signal and communications theory; Signal processing; Signal, noise; Surface layer; Telecommunications and information theory; Texture; Watermarking; Digital right management; Image processing; Data compression; digital rights management; Flexibility; Texture; Correlation method; Digital information; discrete cosine transform; Image coding; Information protection; just noticeable difference; decimal sequences; Robustness; Discrete cosine transforms; Correlation based watermarking; Content analysis; Digital watermarking; Filtering; Frequency domain method; Image compression; Random sequence; Luminance; Intellectual property; Signal processing; Signal to noise ratio
• ISSN: 0018-9316; 1557-9611
• DOI: 10.1109/TBC.2007.894947

We consider texture, luminance, corner and the edge information in the image to generate a mask that makes the addition of the watermark less perceptible to the human eye. The operation of embedding and extraction of the watermark is done in the frequency domain thereby providing robustness against common frequency-based attacks including image compression and filtering. We use decimal sequences for watermarking instead of pseudo random sequences, providing us with a greater flexibility in the choice of sequence. Weighted Peak Signal to Noise Ratio is used to evaluate the perceptual change between the original and the watermarked image