ALCAPA, a possible reason for mitral insufficiency and heart failure in young patients

• Published in: Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ Vol. 41; no. 1; p. 51
• Main Authors: Dahle, Gry, Fiane, Arnt E, Lindberg, Harald L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01-01-2007
• Subjects: Abnormalities, Multiple - surgery; Adolescent; Adult; Cardiac Output, Low - etiology; Cardiac Surgical Procedures - methods; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Chest Pain - etiology; Child, Preschool; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Vessel Anomalies - complications; Coronary Vessel Anomalies - diagnosis; Coronary Vessel Anomalies - surgery; Dyspnea - etiology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mitral Valve Insufficiency - etiology; Prognosis; Pulmonary Artery - abnormalities; Pulmonary Artery - surgery; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Surgical Procedures - methods; Ventricular Fibrillation - etiology
• ISSN: 1401-7431
• DOI: 10.1080/14017430601050348

ALCAPA, anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital disease. We have from 1990 to 2003 operated on seven patients in our clinic. The objective of this study was to describe our experience of treating the condition and to remind other doctors of it as a possible diagnosis.
The patients were identified by a retrospective review of our clinical records.
Symptoms and signs varied from discomfort and pathologic heart murmur to ventricular fibrillation. All patients were operated on by use of cardiopulmonal bypass. Two died postoperatively within one week, two were reoperated later on because of pulmonary artery stenosis.
ALCAPA should be suspected if a young patient with no previous history of heart failure presents with dyspnoe, chest pain or dysrhythmia. ALCAPA must be excluded by coronary angiography in younger patients with mitral insufficiency and no other morphological findings. Patients diagnosed early and operated on have a good prognosis.