Valve surgery in active infective endocarditis: A simple score to predict in-hospital prognosis

• Published in: International journal of cardiology Vol. 175; no. 1; pp. 133 - 137
• Main Authors: Martínez-Sellés, Manuel, Muñoz, Patricia, Arnáiz, Ana, Moreno, Mar, Gálvez, Juan, Rodríguez-Roda, Jorge, de Alarcón, Arístides, García Cabrera, Emilio, Fariñas, María C, Miró, José M, Montejo, Miguel, Moreno, Alfonso, Ruiz-Morales, Josefa, Goenaga, Miguel A, Bouza, Emilio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 15-07-2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cardiovascular; Cohort Studies; Endocardial and cardiac valvular diseases; Endocarditis, Bacterial - diagnosis; Endocarditis, Bacterial - mortality; Endocarditis, Bacterial - surgery; Female; Heart; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation - methods; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation - mortality; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation - trends; Hospital Mortality - trends; Humans; Infective endocarditis; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Risk stratification; Severity of Illness Index; Surgery; Infective endocarditis; Prognosis; Surgery; Risk stratification; Prediction; Cardiovascular disease; Risk; Hospitalization; Heart valve; Treatment; Heart disease; Endocardial disease; Endocarditis; Risk factor; Hospital; Cardiology; Predictive factor; Stratification; Public health
• ISSN: 0167-5273; 1874-1754
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.266

Abstract Aims Surgery for infective endocarditis (IE) is associated with high mortality. Our objectives were to describe the experience with surgical treatment for IE in Spain, and to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality. Methods Prospective cohort of 1000 consecutive patients with IE. Data were collected in 26 Spanish hospitals. Results Surgery was performed in 437 patients (43.7%). Patients treated with surgery were younger and predominantly male. They presented fewer comorbid conditions and more often had negative blood cultures and heart failure. In-hospital mortality after surgery was lower than in the medical therapy group (24.3 vs 30.7%, p = 0.02). In patients treated with surgery, endocarditis involved a native valve in 267 patients (61.1%), a prosthetic valve in 122 (27.9%), and a pacemaker lead with no clear further valve involvement in 48 (11.0%). The most common aetiologies were Staphylococcus (186, 42.6%), Streptococcus (97, 22.2%), and Enterococcus (49, 11.2%). The main indications for surgery were heart failure and severe valve regurgitation. A risk score for in-hospital mortality was developed using 7 prognostic variables with a similar predictive value (OR between 1.7 and 2.3): PALSUSE: prosthetic valve, age ≥ 70, large intracardiac destruction, Staphylococcus spp, urgent surgery, sex [female], EuroSCORE ≥ 10. In-hospital mortality ranged from 0% in patients with a PALSUSE score of 0 to 45.4% in patients with PALSUSE score > 3. Conclusions The prognosis of IE surgery is highly variable. The PALSUSE score could help to identify patients with higher in-hospital mortality.