Advanced imaging and visualization in gastrointestinal disorders

• Published in: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 13; no. 9; pp. 1408 - 1421
• Main Authors: Gilja, Odd Helge, Hatlebakk, Jan G, Odegaard, Svein, Berstad, Arnold, Viola, Ivan, Giertsen, Christopher, Hausken, Trygve, Gregersen, Hans
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States National Centre for Ultrasound in Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway 07-03-2007; Institute of Medicine, 3Institute of Informatics University of Bergen, Bergen,Norway%Institute of Medicine, 3Institute of Informatics University of Bergen, Bergen,Norway%Institute of Informatics, University of Bergen,Bergen, Norway%Christian Michelsen Research AS, Bergen,Norway; Institute of Medicine, 3Institute of Informatics University of Bergen, Bergen,Norway; Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited
• Subjects: Diagnostic Imaging - methods; Endosonography - methods; Esophagus - diagnostic imaging; Esophagus - pathology; Esophagus - physiopathology; Food Hypersensitivity - diagnostic imaging; Food Hypersensitivity - pathology; Food Hypersensitivity - physiopathology; Gastric Emptying - physiology; Gastrointestinal Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Gastrointestinal Diseases - pathology; Gastrointestinal Diseases - physiopathology; Gastrointestinal Motility - physiology; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Topic Highlights; Ultrasonography - methods; 先进成像; 可视化; 胃肠功能失调; 超声波扫描术; Elasticity; Medical imaging; Ultrasonography; Functional imaging
• ISSN: 1007-9327; 2219-2840
• DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i9.1408

Advanced medical imaging and visualization has a strong impact on research and clinical decision making in gastroenterology. The aim of this paper is to show how imaging and visualization can disclose structural and functional abnormalities of the gastrointestinal （GI） tract. Imaging methods such as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）, endoscopy, endosonography, and elastography will be outlined and visualization with Virtual Reality and haptic methods. Ultrasonography is a versatile method that can be used to evaluate antral contractility, gastric emptying, transpyloric flow, gastric configuration, intragastric distribution of meals, gastric accommodation and strain measurement of the gastric wall. Advanced methods for endoscopic ultrasound, three-dimensional （3D） ultrasound, and tissue Doppler （Strain Rate Imaging） provide detailed information of the GI tract. Food hypersensitivity reactions including gastrointestinal reactions due to food allergy can be visualized by ultrasonography and MRI. Development of multi-parametric and multi-modal imaging may increase diagnostic benefits and facilitate fusion of diagnostic and therapeutic imaging in the future.