Fate of blood meal iron in mosquitoes

• Published in: Journal of insect physiology Vol. 53; no. 11; pp. 1169 - 1178
• Main Authors: Zhou, Guoli, Kohlhepp, Pete, Geiser, Dawn, Frasquillo, Maria del Carmen, Vazquez-Moreno, Luz, Winzerling, Joy J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-11-2007
• Subjects: Aedes - metabolism; Aedes aegypti; Animals; Blood - metabolism; Blood meal; Egg iron reserve; Female; Ferritin; Heme iron; Iron - metabolism; Iron transport; Ovary; Ovum; Transferrin - metabolism; Transferrin iron; Heme iron; Transferrin iron; Egg iron reserve; Iron transport; Blood meal; Ferritin
• ISSN: 0022-1910; 1879-1611
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.06.009

Iron is an essential element of living cells and organisms as a component of numerous metabolic pathways. Hemoglobin and ferric-transferrin in vertebrate host blood are the two major iron sources for female mosquitoes. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and radioisotope labeling to quantify the fate of iron supplied from hemoglobin or as transferrin in
Aedes aegypti. At the end of the first gonotrophic cycle, ∼87% of the ingested total meal heme iron was excreted, while 7% was distributed into the eggs and 6% was stored in different tissues. In contrast, ∼8% of the iron provided as transferrin was excreted and of that absorbed, 77% was allocated to the eggs and 15% distributed in the tissues. Further analyses indicate that of the iron supplied in a blood meal, ∼7% appears in the eggs and of this iron 98% is from hemoglobin and 2% from ferric-transferrin. Whereas, of iron from a blood meal retained in body of the female, ∼97% is from heme and <1% is from transferrin. Evaluation of iron-binding proteins in hemolymph and egg following intake of
59Fe-transferrin revealed that ferritin is iron loaded in these animals, and indicate that this protein plays a critical role in meal iron transport and iron storage in eggs in
A. aegypti.