A case report of fifteen-and-a-half syndrome

• Published in: BMC neurology Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 273 - 4
• Main Authors: Zhang, Hui, Yuan, Xiangzhen, Li, Cong, Hao, Xiaoyan, Zhang, Yueqi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 05-08-2024; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Analysis; Antibodies; Bilateral facial nerve palsy; Brain stem; Brain Stem Infarctions - complications; Brain Stem Infarctions - diagnosis; Brain Stem Infarctions - diagnostic imaging; Care and treatment; Case Report; Case reports; Cerebrospinal fluid; Coexistence; Diabetes; Diagnosis; Differential diagnosis; Diplopia; Edema; Electromyography; Facial paralysis; Facial Paralysis - diagnosis; Facial Paralysis - diagnostic imaging; Facial Paralysis - etiology; Fifteen-and-a-half syndrome; Genetic aspects; Humans; Hypertension; Infarction; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple sclerosis; Neurological disorders; Ophthalmology; Paralysis, Facial; Patients; Pontine infarction; Pontine Tegmentum - diagnostic imaging; Proteins; Puncture; Spine; Stroke; Syndrome; Tegmentum; Ultrasonic imaging; China; Bilateral facial nerve palsy; Fifteen-and-a-half syndrome; Pontine infarction
• ISSN: 1471-2377; 1471-2377
• DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03784-z

Fifteen-and-a-Half Syndrome is an uncommon clinical presentation characterized by the coexistence of one-and-a-half syndrome and bilateral facial palsy. In this study, we provide a comprehensive description of symptom evolution and imaging changes in a patient with Fifteen-and-a-Half Syndrome.
A 54-year-old male presented with sudden onset of one-and-a-half syndrome, which gradually progressed to fifteen-and-a-half syndrome. The final diagnosis was confirmed to be pontine infarction which occurred at the midline of the pontine tegmentum.
This case highlights the diverse and progressive early clinical manifestations associated with Fifteen-and-a-half Syndrome. Currently, all reported cases of this syndrome are linked to brainstem infarction; however, early differential diagnosis is crucial to ensure prompt initiation of appropriate treatment for affected patients.