Mechanisms of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer prevention

• Published in: Seminars in oncology Vol. 43; no. 1; pp. 65 - 77
• Main Authors: Umar, Asad, Steele, Vernon E., Menter, David G., Hawk, Ernest T.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-02-2016
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - metabolism; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - pharmacology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - therapeutic use; Aspirin; Aspirin - metabolism; Aspirin - pharmacology; Aspirin - therapeutic use; Blood Platelets - drug effects; Cancer prevention; Chemoprevention; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - metabolism; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Dinoprostone - metabolism; Eicosanoids - antagonists & inhibitors; Eicosanoids - metabolism; Glucose - metabolism; Humans; Immunity, Cellular - drug effects; Inflammation; Inflammation - metabolism; Neoplasms - immunology; Neoplasms - prevention & control; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID); Signal Transduction - drug effects; Cancer prevention; Aspirin; Inflammation; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)
• ISSN: 0093-7754; 1532-8708
• DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.09.010

Various clinical and epidemiologic studies show that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin and cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COXIBs) help prevent cancer. Since eicosanoid metabolism is the main inhibitory targets of these drugs the resulting molecular and biological impact is generally accepted. As our knowledge base and technology progress we are learning that additional targets may be involved. This review attempts to summarize these new developments in the field.