Detection of aquaporin‐4 antibodies for patients with CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases other than typical MS in Lithuania

Objectives Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is frequently associated with aquaporin‐4 autoantibodies (AQP4‐Ab); however, studies of NMO in Lithuania are lacking. Therefore, the main objective of our study is to assess positivity for AQP4‐Ab in patients presenting with inflammatory demyelinating central ne...

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Published in:Brain and behavior Vol. 8; no. 11; pp. e01129 - n/a
Main Authors: Sakalauskaitė‐Juodeikienė, Eglė, Armalienė, Giedrė, Kizlaitienė, Rasa, Bagdonaitė, Loreta, Giedraitienė, Nataša, Mickevičienė, Dalia, Rastenytė, Daiva, Kaubrys, Gintaras, Jatužis, Dalius
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-11-2018
John Wiley and Sons Inc
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Summary:Objectives Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is frequently associated with aquaporin‐4 autoantibodies (AQP4‐Ab); however, studies of NMO in Lithuania are lacking. Therefore, the main objective of our study is to assess positivity for AQP4‐Ab in patients presenting with inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) diseases other than typical multiple sclerosis (MS) in Lithuania. Materials and methods Data were collected from the two largest University hospitals in Lithuania. During the study period, there were 121 newly diagnosed typical MS cases, which were included in the MS registry database. After excluding these typical MS cases, we analyzed the remaining 29 cases of other CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases, including atypical MS (n = 14), acute transverse myelitis, TM (n = 8), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, ADEM (n = 3), clinically isolated syndrome, CIS (n = 2), atypical optic neuritis, ON (n = 1), and NMO (n = 1). We assessed positivity for AQP4‐Ab for the 29 patients and evaluated clinical, laboratory, and instrumental differences between AQP4‐Ab seropositive and AQP4‐Ab seronegative patient groups. Results AQP4‐Ab test was positive for three (10.3%) patients in our study, with initial diagnoses of atypical MS (n = 2) and ADEM (n = 1). One study patient was AQP4‐Ab negative despite being previously clinically diagnosed with NMO. There were no significant clinical, laboratory, or instrumental differences between the groups of AQP4‐Ab positive (3 [10.3%]) and negative (26 [89.7%]) patients. Conclusions AQP4‐Ab test was positive for one‐tenth of patients with CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases other than typical MS in our study. AQP4‐Ab testing is highly recommended for patients presenting with not only TM and ON but also an atypical course of MS and ADEM. AQP4‐Ab test was positive for one‐tenth of patients with demyelinating CNS diseases other that typical MS in the Lithuanian study. AQP4‐Ab testing is highly recommended for patients presenting with not only TM and ON but also an atypical course of MS and ADEM.
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ISSN:2162-3279
2162-3279
DOI:10.1002/brb3.1129