Bio-based degradation of emerging endocrine-disrupting and dye-based pollutants using cross-linked enzyme aggregates

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 24; no. 8; pp. 7035 - 7041
• Main Authors: Bilal, Muhammad, Asgher, Muhammad, Iqbal, Hafiz M. N., Hu, Hongbo, Zhang, Xuehong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-03-2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetone; Agglomeration; Aggregates; Ammonium; Ammonium sulfate; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Biodegradation; Biodegradation, Environmental; Butanol; Catalysis; Chemical synthesis; Coloring Agents - isolation & purification; Coloring Agents - metabolism; Cross-Linking Reagents - pharmacology; Crosslinking; Decoloring; Decolorization; Disruption; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Effluents; Endocrine disruptors; Endocrine Disruptors - isolation & purification; Endocrine Disruptors - metabolism; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental Pollutants - isolation & purification; Environmental Pollutants - metabolism; Environmental science; Enzymes; Ethanol; Ganoderma - enzymology; Ganoderma lucidum; Glutaral - pharmacology; Glutaraldehyde; Manganese; Manganese peroxidase; Mushrooms; Nonylphenol; Peroxidase; Peroxidases - chemistry; Peroxidases - metabolism; Pollutants; Propanol; Protein Aggregates - drug effects; Recovery; Research Article; Rot; Solubility; Sulfates; tert-Butanol; Triclosan; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Biodegradation; Insolubilization; Catalytic activity; Cross-linked enzyme aggregates; Endocrine disrupting chemicals
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8369-y

In this study, manganese peroxidase (MnP) from an indigenous white-rot fungus
Ganoderma lucidum
IBL-05 was insolubilized in the form of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) using various aggregating agents, i.e., acetone, ammonium sulfate, ethanol, 2-propanol, and
tert
-butanol, followed by glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linking. The precipitant type, MnP, and GA concentrations affected the CLEAs activity recovery and aggregation yield. Among precipitants used, acetone appeared to be the most efficient aggregation agent, providing the highest activity recovery and aggregation yield of 31.26 and 73.46%, respectively. Optimal cross-linking was noticed using 2.0% (
v
/
v
) GA and 8:1 (
v
/
v
) MnP to GA ratio at 3.0 h cross-linking time under continuous agitation at 4 °C. The highest recovered activity and aggregation yield were determined to be 47.57 and 81.26%, respectively. The MnP-CLEAs, thus synthesized, were tested to investigate their bio-catalytic capacity for removing two known endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), e.g., nonylphenol and triclosan in a packed bed reactor system. The insolubilized MnP efficiently catalyzed the biodegradation of both EDCs, transforming over 80% in the presence of MnP-based system. A maximal of 100% decolorization was recorded for Sitara textile (SIT-based) effluent, followed by 95.5% for Crescent textile (CRT-based) effluent, 88.0% for K&N textile (KIT-based) effluent, and 84.2% for Nishat textile (NIT-based) effluent.