A theory of subfeatural representations: the case of rounding harmony in Laal

• Published in: Phonology Vol. 34; no. 3; pp. 523 - 564
• Main Author: Lionnet, Florian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01-12-2017; Cambridge University Press (CUP)
• Subjects: African languages; Consonants; Grammar; Humanities and Social Sciences; Linguistic Theory; Linguistics; Morphemes; Phonemes; Phonetics; Phonology; Syllables; Vowels; United States > US; California
• ISSN: 0952-6757; 1469-8188
• DOI: 10.1017/S0952675717000276

This paper introduces subfeatural representations to capture subphonemic distinctions at work in ‘subphonemic teamwork’. The unusual case of Laal is presented, in which rounding harmony requires two triggers: a round vowel and a labial consonant. The coarticulatory effect of the labial consonant is shown, on the basis of instrumental evidence, to incur a distinctive, but non-contrastive, intermediate level of rounding on the target vowel, analysed as being featurally [−round], but subfeaturally 〚xround〛 (0 < x < 1). 〚xround〛 vowels are shown to form a separate natural class, which can be independently targeted by phonological processes. Subfeatural representations are argued to constitute an advantageous reification of phonetic knowledge, forming a more solid basis for phonetically driven models of phonology. This proposal builds on the insights of previous literature that perceptual representations are needed in phonology, while eschewing the need for direct reference to phonetics.