Recovering the Conformal Limit of Color Superconducting Quark Matter within a Confining Density Functional Approach

• Published in: Particles Vol. 5; no. 4; pp. 514 - 534
• Main Authors: Ivanytskyi, Oleksii, Blaschke, David B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-12-2022
• Subjects: Agreements; Analysis; Confining; conformal limit; Conformal mapping; Couplings; Deformation; Density; Density functionals; Gluons; Methods; Neutron stars; Phase transitions; quark matter; Quarks; Stiffness; Superconductors; Symmetry; Poland
• ISSN: 2571-712X; 2571-712X
• DOI: 10.3390/particles5040038

We generalize a recently proposed confining relativistic density-functional approach to the case of density-dependent vector and diquark couplings. The particular behavior of these couplings is motivated by the non-perturbative gluon exchange in dense quark matter and provides the conformal limit at asymptotically high densities. We demonstrate that this feature of the quark matter EoS is consistent with a significant stiffness in the density range typical for the interiors of neutron stars. In order to model these astrophysical objects, we construct a family of hybrid quark-hadron EoSs of cold stellar matter. We also confront our approach with the observational constraints on the mass–radius relation of neutron stars and their tidal deformabilities and argue in favor of a quark matter onset at masses below 1.0M⊙.