Experimental design applied to the analysis of volatile compounds in apple juice by headspace solid-phase microextraction

• Published in: Journal of separation science Vol. 34; no. 11; pp. 1293 - 1298
• Main Authors: Llorente, Daniel Díaz, Abrodo, Pilar Arias, de la Fuente, Enrique Dapena, Álvarez, Jaime González, Álvarez, Maria Dolores Gutiérrez, Gomis, Domingo Blanco
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim WILEY-VCH Verlag 01-06-2011; WILEY‐VCH Verlag; Wiley; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Alcoholic beverages and cider; Aldehydes; Apple juice; Apples; Beverages - analysis; Biological and medical sciences; Chromatography; Chromatography, Gas; Design engineering; Experimental design; Extraction processes; Fast GC; Fermented food industries; Food industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Juices; Linearity; Malus - chemistry; Non alcoholic beverage industries and mineral waters; Recovery; Separation; Solid Phase Microextraction - methods; Solid-phase microextraction; Volatile compounds; Volatile Organic Compounds - analysis; Volatile Organic Compounds - chemistry; Volatilization; Trace analysis; Chemical analysis; Fast GC; Apple juice; Solid-phase microextraction; Cider; Volatile organic compound; Flame ionization detector; Fruit juice; Optimization; Chemical enrichment; Solid phase microextraction; Gas chromatography; Apple; Sample preparation; Experimental design; Headspace; Volatile compounds; Adsorbent; Beverage; Chemometrics
• ISSN: 1615-9306; 1615-9314; 1615-9314
• DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000881

A simple and fast method based on solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) followed by fast gas chromatography (Fast GC) has been developed for the analysis of volatile compounds in Asturian apple juices employed in the cider production. Three different fiber coatings have been checked (PDMS, PDMS‐DVB and CAR‐PDMS) and PDMS‐DVB has been presented to be the most suitable one. Experimental design has been employed in the optimization of extraction factors and robustness assessment. The use of Fast GC allowed the separation of 14 compounds (esters, aldehydes and alcohols) in approximately 4 min, clearly reducing the analysis time when compared to conventional GC. Good linearity, recoveries and repeatability of the solid‐phase microextraction were obtained with r2 values, recoveries and relative standard deviations ranging from 0.9822 to 0.9998, 83.2 to 109.8% and 0.5 to 11.7%, respectively, using standard solution.