Effect of Moringa oleifera lectins on survival and enzyme activities of Aedes aegypti larvae susceptible and resistant to organophosphate

• Published in: Parasitology research (1987) Vol. 113; no. 1; pp. 175 - 184
• Main Authors: Agra-Neto, Afonso Cordeiro, Napoleão, Thiago Henrique, Pontual, Emmanuel Viana, de Lima Santos, Nataly Diniz, de Andrade Luz, Luciana, de Oliveira, Cláudia Maria Fontes, de Melo-Santos, Maria Alice Varjal, Coelho, Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso, do Amaral Ferraz Navarro, Daniela Maria, Paiva, Patrícia Maria Guedes
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 2014; Springer Berlin Heidelberg; Springer
• Subjects: Aedes - drug effects; Aedes - enzymology; Aedes aegypti; Animals; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; enzyme activity; Esterases - metabolism; Health aspects; Immunology; Insecticide Resistance; Insecticides; Larva - drug effects; Larva - enzymology; larvae; Larval development; Lectins; Medical Microbiology; Microbiology; Moringa oleifera; Moringa oleifera - chemistry; Organophosphates; Organophosphorus compounds; Original Paper; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Lectins - pharmacology; Rosidae; Seeds - chemistry; superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; trypsin; Zoological research; Brazil; Digestive Enzyme Activity; Azocasein; Larvicidal Activity; Xanthine Oxidase; Hemagglutinating Activity
• ISSN: 0932-0113; 1432-1955
• DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3640-8

The indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides to control Aedes aegypti has led to emergence of resistant populations. Moringa oleifera seeds contain the lectins WSMoL and cMoL. WSMoL has larvicidal activity on fourth-stage of A. aegypti organophosphate-susceptible larvae (Rockefeller L₄). This study reports on the effects of cMoL on the survival of Rockefeller L₄ as well as of WSMoL and cMoL on L₄ from an organophosphate-resistant population (Rec-R). The effects of lectins on digestive (amylase, trypsin, and protease) and detoxifying (superoxide dismutase (SOD), α- and β-esterases) enzymes from larvae were also determined. cMoL (0.1–0.8 mg/ml) did not kill Rockefeller L₄ as well as WSMoL and cMoL (0.1–0.8 mg/ml) were not larvicidal for Rec-R L₄. WSMoL stimulated protease, trypsin-like, and α-amylase from Rockefeller L₄ while cMoL inhibited these enzymes. WSMoL had no effect on trypsin-like activity from Rec-R L₄ but inhibited protease and α-amylase. Among digestive enzymes of Rec-R L₄, cMoL inhibited only trypsin-like activity. cMoL inhibited SOD activities from Rockefeller and Rec-R L₄ in a higher level than WSMoL while β-esterase from Rockefeller L₄ was more inhibited by WSMoL. The lectins promoted low stimulation or inhibition of α-esterase activities from both populations. In conclusion, Rockefeller and Rec-R larvae were distinctly affected by M. oleifera lectins, and larvicidal mechanism of WSMoL on Rockefeller L₄ may involve deregulation of digestive enzymes. cMoL interfered mainly on SOD activity and thus it can be investigated as a synergistic agent for controlling populations whose resistance is linked to an increased detoxifying process mediated by this enzyme.