Fibroblast Activation Protein-α as a Target in the Bench-to-Bedside Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors: A Narrative Review

Fibroblast Activation Protein-α as a Target in the Bench-to-Bedside Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors: A Narrative Review

Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) is a type II integral serine protease that is specifically expressed by activated fibroblasts. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor stroma have an abundant and stable expression of FAP, which plays an important role in promoting tumor growth, invasi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in oncology Vol. 11; p. 648187
Main Authors: Xin, Lei, Gao, Jinfang, Zheng, Ziliang, Chen, Yiyou, Lv, Shuxin, Zhao, Zhikai, Yu, Chunhai, Yang, Xiaotang, Zhang, Ruiping
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A 19-08-2021
Subjects:
cancer-associated fibroblast
FAP substrates
fibroblast activation protein-α
immunosuppressive
nanomaterials
Oncology
targeted therapy
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Summary:Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) is a type II integral serine protease that is specifically expressed by activated fibroblasts. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor stroma have an abundant and stable expression of FAP, which plays an important role in promoting tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression. For example, in females with a high incidence of breast cancer, CAFs account for 50–70% of the cells in the tumor’s microenvironment. CAF overexpression of FAP promotes tumor development and metastasis by influencing extracellular matrix remodeling, intracellular signaling, angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and immunosuppression. This review discusses the basic biological characteristics of FAP and its applications in the diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. We review the emerging basic and clinical research data regarding the use of nanomaterials that target FAP.
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Edited by: Anupam Bishayee, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, United States
This article was submitted to Molecular and Cellular Oncology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology
These authors have contributed equally to this work
Reviewed by: Zuheir Alshehabi, Tishreen University, Syria; Qilong Wang, Nanjing Medical University, China; Yao Sun, Central China Normal University, China; Xiaodong Zhang, Tianjin University, China
ISSN:2234-943X
2234-943X
DOI:10.3389/fonc.2021.648187