The correlation between history of periodontitis according to staging and grading and the prevalence/severity of peri‐implantitis in patients enrolled in maintenance therapy

• Published in: Journal of periodontology (1970) Vol. 92; no. 11; pp. 1522 - 1535
• Main Authors: Ravidà, Andrea, Rodriguez, Maria Vera, Saleh, Muhammad H. A., Galli, Matthew, Qazi, Musa, Troiano, Giuseppe, Wang, Hom‐Lay, Moreno, Pablo Galindo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01-11-2021
• Subjects: Alveolar Bone Loss - diagnostic imaging; Alveolar Bone Loss - epidemiology; Dental Implants; Humans; Peri-Implantitis - epidemiology; periodontal diseases; periodontitis; Periodontitis - epidemiology; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; dental implants; periodontitis; periodontal diseases
• ISSN: 0022-3492; 1943-3670
• DOI: 10.1002/JPER.21-0012

Background
The aim of this study was to determine if a previous history of periodontitis according to the preset definitions of the 2017 World Workshop is correlated with increased implant failure, and occurrence and severity of peri‐implantitis (PI).
Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients with a history of periodontitis who received nonsurgical and, if indicated, surgical corrective therapy prior to implant placement was performed. Periodontitis stage and grade were determined for each included patient based on data from the time of initiation of active periodontal therapy. Cox Proportional Hazard Frailty models were built to analyze the correlation between stage and grade of periodontitis at baseline with implant failure, as well as occurrence and severity of PI.
Results
Ninety‐nine patients with a history of periodontitis receiving 221 implants were followed for a mean duration of 10.6 ± 4.5 years after implant placement. Six implants (2.7%) failed and a higher rate of implant failure due to PI was found for Grade C patients (P < 0.05), whereas only an increased trend was seen for Stages III and IV compared with I and II. Grading significantly influenced the risk of marginal bone loss (MBL) >25% of the implant length (P = 0.022) in PI‐affected implants. However, a direct correlation between higher‐level stage and grade and PI prevalence was not recorded.
Conclusion
No statistically significant association between periodontitis stage or grade and the prevalence of PI was found. However, when PI was diagnosed, there was a relationship between periodontitis grade and severity of PI or the occurrence of implant failure.