Effect of Pterocarpus santalinus bark, on blood glucose, serum lipids, plasma insulin and hepatic carbohydrate metabolic enzymes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology Vol. 48; no. 5; pp. 1281 - 1287
• Main Authors: Kondeti, Vinay Kumar, Badri, Kameswara Rao, Maddirala, Dilip Rajasekhar, Thur, Sampath Kumar Mekala, Fatima, Shaik Sameena, Kasetti, Ramesh Babu, Rao, Chippada Appa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-05-2010; Elsevier
• Subjects: animal models; Animals; Anti-lipidemic activity; Antidiabetic activity; bark; Bioassay guided fractionation; Biological and medical sciences; blood glucose; Blood Glucose - analysis; blood lipids; carbohydrates; Chemical Fractionation; diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; enzymes; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Flavonoids - analysis; Fructose-Bisphosphatase - metabolism; Glucose-6-Phosphatase - metabolism; glycemic effect; Glycosides - analysis; Hexokinase; Hyperlipidemias - blood; Hyperlipidemias - drug therapy; Hyperlipidemias - etiology; Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; insulin; Insulin - blood; lipemic effect; Lipids - blood; liver; Liver - drug effects; Liver - enzymology; liver function; Liver Glycogen - metabolism; Male; Medical sciences; metabolic enzymes; Phenols - analysis; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Pterocarpus - chemistry; Pterocarpus santalinus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; streptozotocin; Toxicology; HK; PS; G-6-PDH; HbA 1C; Anti-lipidemic activity; bw; STZ; Bioassay guided fractionation; DM; Pterocarpus santalinus; Antidiabetic activity; Hexokinase; Endocrinopathy; Antineoplastic agent; Biological fluid; Animal model; Pancreatic hormone; Rat; Liver; Bark; Lipids; Blood plasma; Hypoglycemic agent; Serum; Carbohydrate; Streptozotocin; Fractionation; Bioassay; Digestive system; Enzyme; Transferases; Diabetes mellitus; Rodentia; Metabolism; Insulin; Biological activity; Guidance; Vertebrata; Antibiotic; Mammalia; Animal; Plant origin; Glycemia
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.02.023

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of bark of
Pterocarpus santalinus, an ethnomedicinal plant, on blood glucose, plasma insulin, serum lipids and the activities of hepatic glucose metabolizing enzymes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated (acute/short-term and long-term) with ethyl acetate:methanol fractions of ethanolic extract of the bark of
P.
santalinus. Fasting blood glucose, HbA
1C, plasma insulin and protein were estimated before and after the treatment, along with hepatic glycogen, and activities of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Further anti-hyperlipidemic activity was studied by measuring the levels of serum lipids and lipoproteins.
Phytochemical analysis of active fraction showed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides and phenols. Biological testing of the active fraction demonstrated a significant antidiabetic activity by reducing the elevated blood glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin, improving hyperlipidemia and restoring the insulin levels in treated experimental induced diabetic rats. Further elucidation of mechanism of action showed improvement in the hepatic carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes after the treatment. Our present investigation suggests that active fraction of ethanolic extract of bark of
P.
santalinus decreases streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia by increasing glycolysis and decreasing gluconeogenesis.