Symptom distress and quality of life among Black Americans with cancer and their family caregivers

• Published in: Psycho-oncology (Chichester, England) Vol. 30; no. 8; pp. 1356 - 1365
• Main Authors: Ellis, Katrina R., Oh, Seyoung, Hecht, Hillary K., Northouse, Laurel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-08-2021
• Subjects: adults; African Americans; Breast cancer; Cancer; Caregivers; caregiving; Chronic Disease; Chronic illnesses; Chronic pain; dyads; Emotional well being; Fatigue; Humans; Interdependence; Lung cancer; Male; Neoplasms; oncology; Patients; Physical symptoms; Prostate; Prostate cancer; Psychological distress; psycho‐oncology; Quality of Life; Self Report; Sleep disorders; Social well being; Symptom management; symptoms; symptoms; Black Americans; dyads; adults; cancer; quality of life; caregiving; oncology; psycho-oncology
• ISSN: 1057-9249; 1099-1611
• DOI: 10.1002/pon.5691

Objective
Black Americans are disproportionately affected by cancer and chronic diseases. Black patients with cancer and their family caregivers may concurrently experience symptoms that influence their wellbeing. This study investigates the influence of mental and physical symptom distress on quality of life (QOL) among Black Americans with cancer and their family caregivers from a dyadic perspective.
Methods
One hundred and fifty‐one dyads comprised of a Black American with breast, colorectal, lung or prostate cancer and a Black family caregiver were included in this secondary analysis of pooled baseline data from three studies. Self‐reports of problems managing 13 symptoms were used to measure mental and physical symptom distress. Descriptive statistics and the actor‐partner interdependence model were used to examine symptom prevalence and the influence of each person's symptom distress on their own and each other's QOL.
Results
Fatigue, sleep problems, pain and mental distress were prevalent. Patients and caregivers reported similar levels of mental distress; however, patients reported higher physical distress. Increased patient mental distress was associated with decreased patient QOL (overall, emotional, social, functional). Increased patient physical distress was associated with decreased patient QOL (overall, physical, emotional, functional) and decreased caregiver emotional wellbeing. Increased caregiver mental distress was associated with decreased caregiver QOL (overall, emotional, social, functional) and decreased patient overall QOL. Increased caregiver physical distress was associated with decreased caregiver QOL (overall, physical, functional), decreased patient emotional wellbeing, and better patient social wellbeing.
Conclusions
Supporting symptom management in Black patient/caregiver dyads may improve their QOL.