Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease in Rural Appalachia: A Cross-Sectional Study

• Published in: Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 13; no. 5; p. 1294
• Main Authors: Deepak, Vishal, Buragamadagu, Bhanusowmya, Rida Ul Jannat, Fnu, Salyer, Rachel, Landis, Ty, Kaur, Sayanika, Balakrishnan, Bathmapriya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 25-02-2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Complications and side effects; Cross-sectional studies; Dyspnea; Health aspects; Lung diseases; Lung diseases, Interstitial; Mortality; Mountain whites (Southern States); Muscle diseases; Patient outcomes; Patients; Respiratory failure; Rural population; Socioeconomic factors; Statistics; Variables; United States; mortality; idiopathic inflammatory myositis; interstitial lung disease; hypoalbuminemia; rural
• ISSN: 2077-0383; 2077-0383
• DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051294

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of autoimmune disorders often complicated by interstitial lung disease (ILD). The clinical characteristics and outcomes of IIM-associated ILD have been reported variably, but the literature on rural populations is scarce.
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a rural tertiary academic medical center. Twenty-nine patients met the final inclusion criteria. The primary outcome was to assess the disease state and immunological and radiographic features of IIM-associated ILD. Secondary outcomes included disease progression, ILD exacerbation, mortality rate, and factors associated with poor outcome.
Dermatomyositis (n = 15, 51.72%) followed by polymyositis (n = 8, 27.58%) were predominant myopathies. The most common autoantibodies were anti-Jo1 antibodies (n = 11, 37.93%). Indeterminate usual interstitial pneumonitis (41.30%, n = 12) was the most common radiographic pattern followed by non-specific interstitial pneumonia (n = 5, 17.24%). ILD exacerbation (n = 14, 66.66%) and mortality rate (n = 6, 20.69%) were high. Albumin levels were significantly lower in patients who died.
The clinical characteristics of patients with IIM-associated ILD in rural Appalachia exhibit notable distinctions, and outcomes are worse compared to other populations. Larger studies are needed to investigate other prognostics factors and longitudinal trends of clinical characteristics and outcomes of IIM-associated ILD in rural populations.