Association between Rural Residence and Processes of Care in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

• Published in: Journal of gastrointestinal surgery Vol. 27; no. 10; pp. 2155 - 2165
• Main Authors: Amin, Krisha, Khan, Hamza, Hearld, Larry R., Chu, Daniel I., Prete, Victoria, Mehari, Krista R., Heslin, Martin J., Fonseca, Annabelle L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-10-2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adenocarcinoma - surgery; Cancer therapies; Combined Modality Therapy; Gastroenterology; Humans; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metastasis; Original Article; Pancreatic cancer; Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology; Regression analysis; Rural areas; Rural Population; Surgery; Access to care; Healthcare disparities; Multimodal therapy; Rural disparities; Pancreatic cancer; Pancreatectomy
• ISSN: 1091-255X; 1873-4626; 1873-4626
• DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05764-z

Background
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy associated with poor outcomes. Surgical resection and receipt of multimodal therapy have been shown to improve outcomes in patients with potentially resectable PDAC; however treatment and outcome disparities persist on many fronts. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between rural residence and receipt of quality cancer care in patients diagnosed with non-metastatic PDAC.
Methods
Using the National Cancer Database, patients with non-metastatic pancreatic cancer were identified from 2006–2016. Patients were classified as living in metropolitan, urban, or rural areas. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of cancer treatment and survival.
Results
A total of 41,786 patients were identified: 81.6% metropolitan, 16.2% urban, and 2.2% rural. Rural residing patients were less likely to receive curative-intent surgery (
p
 = 0.037) and multimodal therapy (
p
 < 0.001) compared to their metropolitan and urban counterparts. On logistic regression analysis, rural residence was independently associated with decreased surgical resection [OR 0.82; CI 95% 0.69–0.99;
p
 = 0.039] and multimodal therapy [OR 0.70; CI 95% 0.38–0.97;
p
 = 0.047]. Rural residence independently predicted decreased overall survival [OR 1.64; CI 95% 1.45–1.93;
p
 < 0.001] for all patients that were analyzed. In the cohort of patients who underwent surgical resection, rural residence did not independently predict overall survival [OR 0.97; CI 95% 0.85–1.11;
p
 = 0.652].
Conclusions
Rural residence impacts receipt of optimal cancer care in patients with non-metastatic PDAC but does not predict overall survival in patients who receive curative-intent treatment.