Investigations on Tailored Forming of AISI 52100 as Rolling Bearing Raceway

• Published in: Metals (Basel ) Vol. 10; no. 10; p. 1363
• Main Authors: Coors, Timm, Mildebrath, Maximilian, Büdenbender, Christoph, Saure, Felix, Faqiri, Mohamad Yusuf, Kahra, Christoph, Prasanthan, Vannila, Chugreeva, Anna, Matthias, Tim, Budde, Laura, Pape, Florian, Nürnberger, Florian, Hassel, Thomas, Hermsdorf, Jörg, Overmeyer, Ludger, Breidenstein, Bernd, Denkena, Berend, Behrens, Bernd-Arno, Maier, Hans Jürgen, Poll, Gerhard
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-10-2020
• Subjects: AISI 52100; Alloys; Bearing steels; Chromium steels; Compressive properties; Costs; Fatigue tests; Heat treatment; Hot forming; hybrid bearing; Hybrid bearings; Investigations; Load; Mechanical properties; Metal fatigue; Microstructure; Photomicrographs; Plasma arc welding; plasma transferred arc welding; Residual stress; Roller bearings; Rolling contact; Rolling contact loads; Scanning acoustic microscopy; Silicon nitride; Steel; tailored forming; Thrust bearings; Washers & dryers; Weld defects
• ISSN: 2075-4701; 2075-4701
• DOI: 10.3390/met10101363

Hybrid cylindrical roller thrust bearing washers of type 81212 were manufactured by tailored forming. An AISI 1022M base material, featuring a sufficient strength for structural loads, was cladded with the bearing steel AISI 52100 by plasma transferred arc welding (PTA). Though AISI 52100 is generally regarded as non-weldable, it could be applied as a cladding material by adjusting PTA parameters. The cladded parts were investigated after each individual process step and subsequently tested under rolling contact load. Welding defects that could not be completely eliminated by the subsequent hot forming were characterized by means of scanning acoustic microscopy and micrographs. Below the surface, pores with a typical size of ten µm were found to a depth of about 0.45 mm. In the material transition zone and between individual weld seams, larger voids were observed. Grinding of the surface after heat treatment caused compressive residual stresses near the surface with a relatively small depth. Fatigue tests were carried out on an FE8 test rig. Eighty-two percent of the calculated rating life for conventional bearings was achieved. A high failure slope of the Weibull regression was determined. A relationship between the weld defects and the fatigue behavior is likely.