Antioxidant and immunostimulant β-glucan from edible mushroom Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers Vol. 99; pp. 774 - 782
• Main Authors: Nandi, Ashis K., Samanta, Surajit, Maity, Saikat, Sen, Ipsita K., Khatua, Somanjana, Devi, K. Sanjana P., Acharya, Krishnendu, Maiti, Tapas K., Islam, Syed S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adjuvants, Immunologic - chemistry; Adjuvants, Immunologic - isolation & purification; Adjuvants, Immunologic - pharmacology; Agaricales - chemistry; Animals; Antioxidant activities; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - isolation & purification; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Applied sciences; beta-Glucans - chemistry; beta-Glucans - isolation & purification; beta-Glucans - pharmacology; Biological and medical sciences; Carbohydrate Sequence; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Exact sciences and technology; General and cellular metabolism. Vitamins; Hydrolysis; Hydroxyl Radical - antagonists & inhibitors; Immunomodulators; Immunostimulation; Lymphocytes - cytology; Lymphocytes - drug effects; Macrophage Activation - drug effects; Macrophage Activation - immunology; Macrophages - cytology; Macrophages - drug effects; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Medical sciences; Methylation; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Weight; Natural polymers; Nitric Oxide - biosynthesis; NMR studies; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Physicochemistry of polymers; Russula; Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr; Solubility; Starch and polysaccharides; Superoxides - antagonists & inhibitors; Thymocytes - cytology; Thymocytes - drug effects; Water; β-Glucan; Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr; Antioxidant activities; Immunostimulation; β-Glucan; NMR studies; Cell proliferation; Molecular structure; Chemical isolation; Splenocyte; Solvent extraction; Basidiomycota; Fungi; Glucan; Radical trapping; Scavenging efficiency; Hydroxyl radicals; Edible fungi; Thymocyte; Antioxidant; Experimental study; In vitro; Biological activity; Water soluble compound; Sporocarp; Immunostimulant agent; Plant origin; Oside polymer; Superoxide radicals
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.016

•A β-glucan (PS) was isolated from the mushroom Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr.•Its structure was established by chemical and 1D/2D NMR studies.•This molecule showed immunostimulatory properties in vitro.•It also showed potent antioxidant activities.
A water soluble β-glucan (PS) with an average molecular weight ∼1.95×105Da was isolated from the alkaline extract of ectomycorrhizal edible mushroom, Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr. and found to consist of terminal, (1→3)-, (1→6)-, and (1→3,6)-linked β-d-glucopyranosyl moieties in a ratio of nearly 1:2:2:1. The structure of this PS was elucidated on the basis of total hydrolysis, methylation analysis, Smith degradation, partial hydrolysis, and 1D/2D NMR experiments. On the basis of these experiments, the repeating unit of the PS was found to contain a backbone of three (1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl residues, one of which was branched at O-3 position with the side chain consisting of two (1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl and a terminal β-d-glucopyranosyl residue. This PS showed in vitro macrophage activation by NO production as well as splenocytes and thymocytes proliferation. Moreover, it also exhibited potent antioxidant activities.